Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Institute for Environmental Science, Saitama University, Sakura-ku, Saitama, Japan.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1081:167-187. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-1244-1_10.
Bryophytes are small land plants that have many morphological and physiological features different from vascular plants. With distinct water relations of bryophytes, many bryophyte species exhibit high degrees of tolerance to freezing and desiccation. The tolerance is sustained by the constitutive repair mechanism and the inducible mechanism regulated by environmental signals that provoke specific responses within the cells. Bryophyte cells sense changes in environmental conditions such as decreases in osmotic potential and temperature and that some responses are likely to be mediated by the stress hormone, abscisic acid. Due to their simple structures and high degrees of dehydration tolerance, bryophytes are useful for physiological studies on abiotic stress response and also for analysis of signal sensing and transduction of environmental signals. Furthermore, the basal phylogenetic position of bryophytes in land plants provides many insights into the evolutionary events for conquest of land by the ancestors of plants and subsequent diversification of species as well as their survival strategies in the terrestrial environment.
苔藓植物是小型的陆生植物，具有许多不同于维管植物的形态和生理特征。由于苔藓植物具有独特的水分关系，许多苔藓物种对冰冻和干燥具有高度的耐受性。这种耐受性是由组成性修复机制和环境信号调节的诱导机制维持的，这些机制会在细胞内引发特定的反应。苔藓植物细胞能够感知环境条件的变化，例如渗透势和温度的降低，其中一些反应可能是由胁迫激素脱落酸介导的。由于苔藓植物结构简单，且具有高度的脱水耐受性，因此它们可用于对非生物胁迫反应的生理研究，也可用于分析环境信号的感应和转导。此外，苔藓植物在陆生植物中的基础系统发育位置为研究植物祖先征服陆地以及随后物种的多样化以及它们在陆地环境中的生存策略提供了许多见解。
