Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
J Environ Sci (China). 2018 Nov;73:147-154. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.01.023. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
Tourism can form an important component of a nation's GDP, and Vietnam is among the most visited countries in Southeast Asia. Most studies on personal exposure focus on the general population, or occupational cohorts with exposure to specific pollutants. However, short-term exposure to air pollutants while visiting regions with high levels of air pollution can lead to acute health effects. A personal exposure study was conducted across three cities in Vietnam to estimate exposure to particulate matter (PM) and black carbon for tourists. Measurements were conducted during the wet season in 2014 in Ho Chi Minh City, Da Lat and Nha Trang using portable instrumentation. Average 24-hr PM and BC exposures were estimated as 18.9±9.24 and 3.41±1.33μg/m and among the three cities, Ho Chi Minh was found to have the highest PM concentrations. Environmental tobacco smoke, commuting and street food stands were found to contribute to highest levels of exposure to PM and BC across all cities.
旅游业可以成为一个国家 GDP 的重要组成部分，越南是东南亚游客最多的国家之一。大多数关于个人暴露的研究都集中在一般人群或职业群体上，这些人群接触到特定的污染物。然而，在访问空气污染水平较高的地区时，短期暴露于空气污染物可能会导致急性健康影响。在越南的三个城市进行了一项个人暴露研究，以估计游客对颗粒物 (PM) 和黑碳的暴露情况。2014 年湿季在胡志明市、大叻和芽庄使用便携式仪器进行了测量。估计三个城市的平均 24 小时 PM 和 BC 暴露量分别为 18.9±9.24μg/m 和 3.41±1.33μg/m，胡志明市的 PM 浓度最高。在所有城市中，环境烟草烟雾、通勤和街头小吃摊被发现是导致 PM 和 BC 暴露水平最高的因素。
