Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Tob Control. 2018 Nov;27(Suppl 1):s118-s125. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054560. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
Tobacco companies are marketing new 'heated tobacco products' (HTPs) composed of battery-powered holders, chargers and tobacco plugs or sticks. The non-tobacco HTP components have escaped effective regulation under many countries' tobacco control laws because they are packaged and sold separately from the tobacco-containing components. In the USA, HTPs cannot be marketed unless the Food and Drug Administration determines that allowing their sale would be 'appropriate for the protection of the public health'. Philip Morris International (PMI) is seeking permission to market its IQOS HTP in the USA with 'modified risk tobacco product' (MRTP) claims that it reduces exposure to harmful substances and is less harmful than other tobacco products. However, PMI has not submitted adequate scientific evidence required by US law to demonstrate that the product is significantly less harmful to users than other tobacco products, that its labelling would not mislead consumers, or that its marketing-with or without MRTP claims-would benefit the health of the population as a whole. Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) must take measures to reduce tobacco use and nicotine addiction, and prevent false or misleading tobacco product labelling, advertising and promotions; the introduction of new HTPs must be assessed according to these goals. All components of HTPs should be regulated at least as stringently as existing tobacco products, including restrictions on labelling, advertising, promotion and sponsorship, sales to minors, price and taxation policies and smokefree measures. There is nothing in US law or the FCTC that prevents authorities from prohibiting HTPs.
烟草公司正在营销新型“加热不燃烧烟草制品”（HTP），这些制品由带电池的烟具、充电器和烟草棒或烟弹组成。由于这些非烟草 HTP 组件是与含烟草成分的组件分开包装和销售的，因此逃脱了许多国家烟草控制法的有效监管。在美国，除非食品和药物管理局（FDA）确定允许销售这些产品符合“保护公众健康”的要求，否则 HTP 不得上市。菲利普莫里斯国际公司（PMI）正在寻求在美国市场上销售其 IQOS HTP 的许可，并提出“降低风险烟草产品”（MRTP）的主张，即声称它可以减少有害物质的暴露，并且比其他烟草产品的危害更小。然而，PMI 尚未提交美国法律要求的足够科学证据，证明该产品对使用者的危害明显小于其他烟草产品，其标签不会误导消费者，或者其营销——无论是否有 MRTP 声称——将有益于整个人口的健康。世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约（FCTC）缔约方必须采取措施减少烟草使用和尼古丁成瘾，并防止虚假或误导性的烟草产品标签、广告和促销；必须根据这些目标评估新型 HTP 的引入。HTP 的所有组件都应至少受到与现有烟草产品同样严格的监管，包括对标签、广告、促销和赞助、向未成年人销售、价格和税收政策以及无烟措施的限制。美国法律或 FCTC 没有任何规定阻止当局禁止 HTP。
