Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Ave, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2018 Dec;235(12):3435-3441. doi: 10.1007/s00213-018-5056-8. Epub 2018 Oct 5.
The Food and Drug Administration is considering severely restricting the nicotine in cigarettes, to reduce smoking. A study showed that non-daily, intermittent smokers (ITS) randomized to very-low-nicotine-content cigarettes (VLNCCs) reduced their cigarette consumption.
To assess whether increased smoking intensity of VLNCCs compensated for some of the reduced cigarette consumption.
After a 2-week baseline smoking their own-brand cigarettes, 118 ITS were randomized to VLNCCs (~ 1 mg nicotine/g tobacco), and 120 to normal-nicotine-content cigarettes (NNCCs; ~ 16 mg/g) for 10 weeks. Laboratory measures of smoking intensity-total puff volume and carbon monoxide (CO) boost-assessed single cigarettes smoked in up to three laboratory topography sessions. Field measures assessed returned cigarette butts, averaged over up to five 2-week intervals: the mass of tobacco burned (computed from residual mass of butts) and the intensity of smoking (by scanning of returned filters). Analysis was by mixed model random effects models using baseline values as covariates.
ITS in the VLNCC group puffed less smoke in topography sessions (-38.50 mL [-75.21, -1.78]; p < 0.04), but showed no difference in CO boost. Participants in the VLNCC group burned 0.02 [0.04, 0.002] grams less tobacco per cigarette (p < 0.03). Analysis of filters showed their smoking intensity declined over time, compared to NNCC participants (p < 0.04). "Cheating" by smoking normal cigarettes did not moderate these effects.
ITS did not increase their smoking intensity when switched to VLNCCs; indeed, their smoking intensity decreased. Reductions in cigarette consumption seen when ITS are switched to VLNCCs were not compensated by increased smoking intensity.
美国食品和药物管理局正在考虑严格限制香烟中的尼古丁含量，以减少吸烟量。一项研究表明，非每日间歇性吸烟者（ITS）随机分配到低尼古丁含量香烟（VLNCC）后，减少了吸烟量。
评估 VLNCC 增加的吸烟强度是否部分补偿了吸烟量的减少。
在基线期 2 周内吸自己品牌的香烟后，118 名 ITS 被随机分配到 VLNCC 组（1mg 尼古丁/克烟草）和正常尼古丁含量香烟（NNCC；16mg/g）组，共 10 周。实验室吸烟强度评估指标包括总吸烟量和一氧化碳（CO）增量-评估在多达三次实验室吸烟过程中单次吸烟的情况。现场评估通过平均返回的烟蒂数量进行，在最多五个 2 周间隔内评估：从烟蒂的残余质量计算的烟草燃烧量（computed from residual mass of butts）和吸烟强度（通过返回过滤器的扫描）。分析采用混合模型随机效应模型，使用基线值作为协变量。
VLNCC 组的 ITS 在地形学课程中吸烟量减少（-38.50ml[-75.21，-1.78]；p<0.04），但 CO 增量无差异。VLNCC 组每支香烟燃烧的烟草量减少 0.02[0.04，0.002]克（p<0.03）。与 NNCC 组相比，过滤器分析显示他们的吸烟强度随时间下降（p<0.04）。切换到 VLNCC 后，吸食正常香烟的“作弊”行为并未缓和这些影响。
当 ITS 切换到 VLNCC 时，他们并没有增加吸烟强度；事实上，他们的吸烟强度下降了。当 ITS 切换到 VLNCC 时，吸烟量的减少并没有被增加的吸烟强度所补偿。
