Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, 150070, PR China.
Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, 150070, PR China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2019 Jan;84:280-289. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.001. Epub 2018 Oct 3.
The present study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary N-carbamoylglutamate (NCG) supplementation on the growth performance, antioxidant capability and immune responses of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed an arginine (Arg)-deficient diet. A total of 630 mirror carp (41.65 ± 0.14 g) were fed diets (Arg 1.24% of the diet) that were supplemented with 0.50% Arg (control diet) or graded levels of NCG at 0 (Arg deficiency diet), 0.04%, 0.08%, 0.12%, 0.16% and 0.20% for 8 weeks. The results showed that, compared with the control diet, the Arg-deficient diet supplementation with 0 NCG (1) decreased the final body weight (FWB), the weight gain rate (WGR) or the protein efficiency ratio (PER) and increased the feed conversion ratio (FCR); (2) decreased the concentration of Arg and nitric oxide (NO) and the activity of total nitric oxide synthetase (T-NOS) in the plasma; (3) decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the proximal intestine (PI), catalase (CAT) in the PI and distal intestine (DI), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in PI and mid-intestine (MI) and increased the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the PI, MI and DI; and (4) decreased the activity of lysozyme in the plasma, increased the relative mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) in the PI, MI and DI, and decreased the relative mRNA expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the PI and MI, and transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2) in the PI, MI and DI. Compared with the Arg deficient-diet supplementation with 0 NCG, (1) 0.12% or 0.16% NCG increased the FBW, WGR and PER, and 0.16% NCG increased the FCR; (2) 0.08%-0.20% NCG increased the concentration of Arg, NO and the activity of T-NOS; (3) 0.08% NCG increased the activities of SOD in the PI and MI, and 0.12% NCG increased activities of CAT and GPx in the PI, MI and DI; and (4) 0.04%-0.20% NCG increased the activity of lysozyme, 0.04%-0.20% NCG decreased the relative mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 in the PI and MI, and 0.04%-0.20% NCG increased the relative mRNA expression of IL-10 and TGF-β2 in the PI and MI. The present results indicated that dietary 0.12% or 0.16% NCG improved the growth performance, feed utilization, intestinal antioxidant capacity and immune response of mirror carp fed an Arg-deficient diet.
本研究旨在确定膳食 N-氨甲酰谷氨酸（NCG）补充对摄食精氨酸（Arg）缺乏日粮的鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫反应的影响。将 630 条鲤鱼（41.65±0.14g）分别投喂Arg 缺乏日粮（日粮中 Arg 含量为 1.24%）或添加 0.50%Arg（对照日粮）以及不同水平 NCG（0、0.04%、0.08%、0.12%、0.16%和 0.20%）的日粮，持续 8 周。结果表明，与对照日粮相比，（1）Arg 缺乏日粮添加 0 NCG 降低了终末体重（FWB）、增重率（WGR）或蛋白质效率比（PER），并增加了饲料转化率（FCR）；（2）降低了血浆中 Arg 和一氧化氮（NO）的浓度以及总一氧化氮合酶（T-NOS）的活性；（3）降低了近端肠（PI）中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、PI 和远端肠（DI）中过氧化氢酶（CAT）以及 PI 和中肠（MI）中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的活性，并增加了 PI、MI 和 DI 中丙二醛（MDA）的浓度；（4）降低了血浆中溶菌酶的活性，增加了 PI、MI 和 DI 中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素 1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素 8（IL-8）的相对 mRNA 表达，降低了 PI 和 MI 中白细胞介素 10（IL-10）和 PI、MI 和 DI 中转化生长因子-β2（TGF-β2）的相对 mRNA 表达。与 Arg 缺乏日粮添加 0 NCG 相比，（1）0.12%或 0.16%NCG 增加了 FWB、WGR 和 PER，并且 0.16%NCG 增加了 FCR；（2）0.08%-0.20%NCG 增加了 Arg、NO 和 T-NOS 的活性；（3）0.08%NCG 增加了 PI 和 MI 中 SOD 的活性，0.12%NCG 增加了 PI、MI 和 DI 中 CAT 和 GPx 的活性；（4）0.04%-0.20%NCG 增加了溶菌酶的活性，0.04%-0.20%NCG 降低了 PI 和 MI 中 TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IL-8 的相对 mRNA 表达，0.04%-0.20%NCG 增加了 PI 和 MI 中 IL-10 和 TGF-β2 的相对 mRNA 表达。这些结果表明，日粮中添加 0.12%或 0.16%NCG 可改善摄食 Arg 缺乏日粮的鲤鱼的生长性能、饲料利用率、肠道抗氧化能力和免疫反应。
