Al Odhayani Abdulaziz Alhomaidi, Al Sayed Tayel Salwa, Al-Madi Faisal
Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2017 Nov;24(7):1667-1671. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.12.003. Epub 2015 Dec 28.
Diabetic foot is a serious complication that causes lower extremity amputations. The aim of this study was to identify the patient's awareness about risk factors for diabetic foot disease and to explore the knowledge and foot care practices among diabetic patients in a Saudi population. This cross-sectional study was conducted in King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), King Fahad Medical City, National Guard Hospital, Military Hospital, and Prince Salman Hospital capital city of Saudi Arabia. Patients were eligible if they had diabetes foot disease, signed the consent form, and completed the questionnaire. We selected 350 patients from different hospitals between November-2011 and April-2012. The majority of patients (68%) were selected from King Saud University hospitals. The mean age of patients was 50.87 ± 15.9 years with a range of 20-90 years. The majority of patients were male (64.3%) and had a family history of hypertension (55.4%), high total cholesterol (58.6%), and other diabetes (58.9%). A family history of smoking, a major risk factor for diabetic foot, was found in 20.3% of cases. Sixty percent of the patients were using oral medications, 27.1% were using insulin therapy, 10% were using both oral and insulin therapies, and 10% were on diet. In our study, 19.4% of participants were illiterate while 80.6% had a high school or university level education. Our findings also revealed that some patients had a lack of knowledge concerning diabetic foot disease and future complications. Patients are unaware of the risk factors for diabetes foot and practice poor foot care. Awareness programs should be mandatory in all hospitals and diabetes clinics to help compensate for the lack of awareness and lack of podiatric educational services. Such programs may decrease the risk of diabetes foot disease.
糖尿病足是一种会导致下肢截肢的严重并发症。本研究的目的是确定患者对糖尿病足病危险因素的认识，并探索沙特人群中糖尿病患者的相关知识及足部护理行为。这项横断面研究在沙特阿拉伯首都的哈立德国王大学医院（KKUH）、阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院（KAUH）、法赫德国王医疗城、国民警卫队医院、军事医院和萨勒曼王子医院开展。患有糖尿病足病、签署了知情同意书并完成问卷的患者符合入选条件。我们在2011年11月至2012年4月期间从不同医院选取了350名患者。大多数患者（68%）来自沙特国王大学医院。患者的平均年龄为50.87±15.9岁，年龄范围在20至90岁之间。大多数患者为男性（64.3%），有高血压家族史（55.4%）、高总胆固醇家族史（58.6%）以及其他糖尿病家族史（58.9%）。20.3%的病例存在吸烟家族史，吸烟是糖尿病足的一个主要危险因素。60%的患者使用口服药物，27.1%的患者使用胰岛素治疗，10%的患者同时使用口服药物和胰岛素治疗，10%的患者采用饮食控制。在我们的研究中，19.4%的参与者为文盲，而80.6%具有高中或大学学历。我们的研究结果还显示，一些患者对糖尿病足病及其未来并发症缺乏了解。患者不了解糖尿病足的危险因素，足部护理行为不佳。所有医院和糖尿病诊所都应强制开展宣传项目，以弥补认识不足和足部护理教育服务缺失的问题。此类项目可能会降低糖尿病足病的风险。
