a Department of OB/GYN , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA.
b Office of Evaluation, Curriculum Research & Development , The Ohio State University College of Medicine , Columbus , OH , USA.
Psychol Health Med. 2019 Apr;24(4):429-438. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2018.1529329. Epub 2018 Oct 7.
The 'Millennial' generation faces medical education learning environment challenges differently. We explore gender differences in burnout, perceived stress, and empathic concern in third-year medical students. A sample size of 654 third-year medical students completed an annual survey over 6 years. Survey items included: the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Scale (MBI-SS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). We examined demographic differences using independent sample t-tests and performed a two-way ANOVA to test for potential interactions. Female students were more likely to have higher empathic concern compared to male students (IRI) (20.9±3.9 versus 19.1±4.1, p<0.001), and reported more personal distress (IRI) (9.0±4.4 versus 7.6±3.8, p<0.001), emotional exhaustion (MBI-SS) (15.6±5.9 versus 14.4±5.9, P<0.013), and perceived stress (PSS) (17.3±6.1 versus 15.2±6.7, p<0.001). Male students were more likely to have cynicism (MBI-SS) and lower professional efficacy (MBI-SS) scores. Results of multivariate analyses yielded no significant interactions between gender, age, and ethnicity. Self-reported experiences of burnout and stress differed in male and female third-year medical students. Burnout and perceived stress scores while statistically significant were small. These findings suggest that support services should be made broadly available to all medical students, but should be targeted to the specific needs of male and female students.
千禧一代在医学教育学习环境中面临着不同的挑战。我们探讨了三年级医学生中 burnout、感知压力和共情关心的性别差异。在 6 年的时间里，我们对 654 名三年级医学生进行了一项年度调查。调查项目包括：Maslach 倦怠量表-学生量表（MBI-SS）、人际反应指数（IRI）和感知压力量表（PSS）。我们使用独立样本 t 检验检查了人口统计学差异，并进行了双因素方差分析来测试潜在的交互作用。与男性学生相比，女性学生更有可能表现出更高的共情关心（IRI）（20.9±3.9 与 19.1±4.1，p<0.001），并报告了更多的个人困扰（IRI）（9.0±4.4 与 7.6±3.8，p<0.001）、情绪衰竭（MBI-SS）（15.6±5.9 与 14.4±5.9，P<0.013）和感知压力（PSS）（17.3±6.1 与 15.2±6.7，p<0.001）。男性学生更有可能表现出玩世不恭（MBI-SS）和较低的职业效能感（MBI-SS）。多变量分析的结果没有显示性别、年龄和种族之间存在显著的相互作用。男性和女性三年级医学生的自我报告倦怠和压力体验不同。虽然倦怠和感知压力评分具有统计学意义，但幅度较小。这些发现表明，支持服务应该广泛提供给所有医学生，但应针对男女生的具体需求进行针对性。
