Pogosova N V, Boytsov S A, Oganov R G, Yufereva Y M, Kostyuk G P, Kursakov A A, Ausheva A K, Vygodin V A
Federal State Institution National Research Center for Preventive Medicine.
National Medical Research Center for Cardiology.
Kardiologiia. 2018 Sep;58(9):47-58.
More than 10 years passed since conduction of the first clinical-epidemiological study of prevalence of psychosocial risk factors (PSRF) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) an/or ischemic heart disease in Russian Federation.
to assess current prevalence of PSRF in patients with AH/CHD and their relationship with traditional risk factors.
Patients with verified AH and/or CHD aged ≥55 years were included into this cross-sectional study in 30 cities of Russia representing 7 federal districts according to the following procedure. In each city we selected 2-5 federal clinics - providers of primary medical care; in each of these clinics we at random invited 2-5 physicians to take part in this study. Each of these physicians for 1-2 days included 10 consecutive patients with AH and/or CHD. Information collected from patients comprised social demographic and clinical characteristics, risk factors, adherence to therapy; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was applied for detection of symptoms of anxiety and depression. Obtained information was used for analysis of prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with symptoms of depression and anxiety in a framework of Pearson linear and Kendall rank correlation analysis.
Symptoms of anxiety of various severity (HADS-A≥7) were detected in 42.2% of patients with AH and/or CHD, in 25.5% they were clinically significant (HADS-A≥11). Symptoms of depression of various severity (HADS-D ≥7) were detected in 42.5% of patients with AH and/or CHD, in 16.3% they were clinically significant (HADS-D≥11). We also observed several significant associations of symptoms of depression and anxiety with traditional cardiovascular risk factors: low level of physical activity, elevated systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, level of total cholesterol, abdominal obesity; some unhealthy nutritional habits.
Prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression was found to be high among ambulatory patients with AH and/or CHD. However, in this study it was lower compared with that reported by previous studies in Russia.
自俄罗斯联邦首次对动脉高血压（AH）和/或缺血性心脏病患者的社会心理风险因素（PSRF）患病率进行临床流行病学研究以来，已过去十余年。
评估AH/CHD患者中PSRF的当前患病率及其与传统风险因素的关系。
根据以下程序，将年龄≥55岁且确诊为AH和/或CHD的患者纳入俄罗斯7个联邦区30个城市的这项横断面研究。在每个城市，我们选择2 - 5家联邦诊所——初级医疗服务提供者；在每家诊所，我们随机邀请2 - 5名医生参与本研究。这些医生中的每一位在1 - 2天内纳入10例连续的AH和/或CHD患者。从患者处收集的信息包括社会人口统计学和临床特征、风险因素、治疗依从性；使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）检测焦虑和抑郁症状。所获信息用于在Pearson线性和Kendall秩相关分析框架内分析心血管风险因素的患病率及其与抑郁和焦虑症状的关联。
在42.2%的AH和/或CHD患者中检测到不同严重程度的焦虑症状（HADS - A≥7），其中25.5%具有临床意义（HADS - A≥11）。在42.5%的AH和/或CHD患者中检测到不同严重程度的抑郁症状（HADS - D≥7），其中16.3%具有临床意义（HADS - D≥11）。我们还观察到抑郁和焦虑症状与传统心血管风险因素之间存在若干显著关联：身体活动水平低、收缩压和舒张压升高、总胆固醇水平、腹型肥胖；一些不健康的营养习惯。
在门诊AH和/或CHD患者中，焦虑和抑郁症状的患病率较高。然而，在本研究中，该患病率低于俄罗斯此前研究报告的患病率。
