Temporary Epidemiology Field Assignee, Division of State and Local Readiness, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA and Office of Emergency Preparedness and Response, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, USA.
Deputy Director, National Center for Disaster Preparedness, Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2019 Jan;51(1):81-87. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12425. Epub 2018 Sep 17.
Many nurses are trained inadequately in emergency preparedness (EP), preventing them from effectively executing response roles during disasters, such as chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive (CBRNE) events. Nurses also indicate lacking confidence in their abilities to perform EP activities. The purpose of this article is to describe the phased development of, and delivery strategies for, a CBRNE curriculum to enhance EP among nursing professionals. The New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) and the National Center for Disaster Preparedness at Columbia University's Earth Institute led the initiative.
Curriculum development included four phases. In Phases I and II, nursing staff at 20 participating NYC hospitals conducted 7,177 surveys and participated in 20 focus groups to identify training gaps in EP. In Phase III, investigators developed and later refined the CBRNE curriculum based on gaps identified. In Phase IV, 22 nurse educators (representing 7 of the original 20 participating hospitals) completed train-the-trainer sessions. Of these nurse educators, three were evaluated on their ability to train other nurses using the curriculum, which investigators finalized.
The CBRNE curriculum included six modules, a just-in-time training, and an online annual refresher course that addressed EP gaps identified in surveys and focus groups. Among the 11 nurses who were trained by three nurse educators during a pilot training, participant knowledge of CBRNE events and response roles increased from an average of 54% (range 45%-75%) on the pre-test to 89% (range 80%-90%) on the posttest.
By participating in nursing CBRNE training, nurses increased their knowledge of and preparedness to respond to disasters. The train-the-trainer curriculum is easily adaptable to meet the needs of other healthcare settings.
The CBRNE curriculum can be used to train nurses to better prepare for and more effectively respond to disasters.
许多护士在应急准备方面的培训不足，这使他们无法在灾害期间（如化学、生物、放射性、核和爆炸[CBRNE]事件）有效地执行应对角色。护士也表示对自己执行应急准备活动的能力缺乏信心。本文的目的是描述一个 CBRNE 课程的阶段性发展和实施策略，以增强护理专业人员的应急准备能力。纽约市（NYC）卫生局和哥伦比亚大学地球研究所国家灾难准备中心领导了这项倡议。
课程开发包括四个阶段。在第一和第二阶段，20 家参与的 NYC 医院的护理人员进行了 7177 次调查并参加了 20 次焦点小组，以确定应急准备方面的培训差距。在第三阶段，研究人员根据确定的差距开发并随后完善了 CBRNE 课程。在第四阶段，22 名护士教育者（代表最初 20 家参与医院中的 7 家）完成了培训师培训课程。在这 22 名护士教育者中，有 3 名接受了使用课程培训其他护士的能力评估，研究人员对该评估进行了完善。
CBRNE 课程包括六个模块、一个即时培训和一个在线年度复习课程，这些课程针对调查和焦点小组中确定的应急准备差距。在由三名护士教育者对 11 名护士进行的试点培训中，参与者对 CBRNE 事件和应对角色的了解从预测试的平均 54%（45%-75%）增加到后测试的 89%（80%-90%）。
通过参加护理 CBRNE 培训，护士增加了他们对灾害的了解和应对准备。培训师培训课程易于适应，以满足其他医疗保健环境的需求。
CBRNE 课程可用于培训护士，以更好地为应对灾害做好准备并更有效地做出反应。
