Centre for Eye Research Ireland, Dublin Institute of Technology, Grangegorman Lower, Dublin, Ireland.
Centre for Eye Research Ireland, Dublin Institute of Technology, Grangegorman Lower, Dublin, Ireland; Institute of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Surv Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar-Apr;64(2):195-216. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.09.005. Epub 2018 Oct 6.
Current treatment strategies for glaucoma are limited to halting disease progression and do not restore lost visual function. Intraocular pressure is the main risk factor for glaucoma, and intraocular pressure-lowering treatment remains the mainstay of glaucoma treatment, but even successful intraocular pressure reduction does not stop the progression of glaucoma in all patients. We review the literature to determine whether nutritional interventions intended to prevent or delay the progression of glaucoma could prove to be a valuable addition to the mainstay of glaucoma therapy. A total of 33 intervention trials were included in this review, including 21 randomized controlled trials. These suggest that flavonoids exert a beneficial effect in glaucoma, particularly in terms of improving ocular blood flow and potentially slowing progression of visual field loss. In addition, supplements containing forskolin have consistently demonstrated the capacity to reduce intraocular pressure beyond the levels achieved with traditional therapy alone; however, despite the strong theoretical rationale and initial clinical evidence for the beneficial effect of dietary supplementation as an adjunct therapy for glaucoma, the evidence is not conclusive. More and better quality research is required to evaluate the role of nutritional supplementation in glaucoma.
目前青光眼的治疗策略仅限于阻止疾病进展，而无法恢复丧失的视觉功能。眼内压是青光眼的主要危险因素，降低眼内压治疗仍然是青光眼治疗的主要手段，但即使成功降低眼内压，也不能阻止所有患者青光眼的进展。我们回顾了文献，以确定旨在预防或延缓青光眼进展的营养干预措施是否可以成为青光眼主要治疗方法的有益补充。本综述共纳入了 33 项干预试验，包括 21 项随机对照试验。这些试验表明，类黄酮在青光眼治疗中具有有益作用，特别是在改善眼血流和潜在减缓视野丧失进展方面。此外，含有毛喉素的补充剂已一致证明能够降低眼内压，超过单独使用传统治疗所能达到的水平；然而，尽管有很强的理论依据和初步的临床证据表明饮食补充作为青光眼辅助治疗的有益效果，但证据并不确定。需要更多和更高质量的研究来评估营养补充在青光眼治疗中的作用。
