Isachenko Vladimir, Sanchez Raul, Rahimi Gohar, Mallmann Peter, Isachenko Evgenia, Merzenich Markus
Research Group for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany.
Center of Reproductive Biotechnology - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CEBIOR - BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Andrologia. 2019 Feb;51(1):e13166. doi: 10.1111/and.13166. Epub 2018 Oct 8.
Post-thawing motility of spermatozoon, which is directly correlated with the integrity of mitochondrion, is the main parameter for evaluation of respective cryopreservation treatments. In this review, we describe our model of mitochondrial apparatus of spermatozoa and behaviour of this apparatus during cryopreservation. This model shows why a priori the mitochondrial apparatus of the human spermatozoon is expected to be more cryo-stable than the mitochondrial apparatus of the fish spermatozoon. Negative changes of mitochondrial membrane potential are a good indicator of the functional normality of mammalian and fish spermatozoa. It is concluded that the cryostability of mitochondrial membranes of fish spermatozoa is lower than that of human spermatozoa, and protocols for effective cryopreservation of fish spermatozoa can be extrapolated to human spermatozoa. It is also provided a biological explanation for why cryoprotectant-free vitrification for human ejaculates is better than conventional freezing and vitrification with cryoprotectants. This review also includes a description of the various technologies of vitrification of human and fish spermatozoa. For cryobiological investigations, we propose to evaluate the fish spermatozoon as a suitable representative model of the human spermatozoon.
精子解冻后的活力与线粒体的完整性直接相关，是评估各种冷冻保存处理的主要参数。在这篇综述中，我们描述了精子线粒体装置的模型以及该装置在冷冻保存过程中的行为。该模型表明了为何从先验角度来看，人类精子的线粒体装置预计比鱼类精子的线粒体装置更具冷冻稳定性。线粒体膜电位的负向变化是哺乳动物和鱼类精子功能正常的良好指标。得出的结论是，鱼类精子线粒体膜的冷冻稳定性低于人类精子，并且鱼类精子有效冷冻保存的方案可外推至人类精子。这也为为何人类精液的无冷冻保护剂玻璃化优于传统冷冻和添加冷冻保护剂的玻璃化提供了生物学解释。这篇综述还包括对人类和鱼类精子玻璃化的各种技术的描述。对于低温生物学研究，我们建议将鱼类精子评估为人类精子的合适代表性模型。
