Okada C T C, Andrade V P, Freitas-Dell'Aqua C P, Nichi M, Fernandes C B, Papa F O, Alvarenga M A
São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
University of São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Theriogenology. 2019 Jan 1;123:132-138. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.09.026. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Embryo mobility occurs as a result of prostaglandin production by the embryo and endometrium, promoting uterine smooth muscle contractions, which propels the embryonic vesicle through the lumen. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), as flunixin meglumine, are routinely used in equine medicine and can alter the conceptus mobility if applied in early pregnancy, which may impair maternal recognition of pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of flunixin meglumine (FM; 1.1 mg/kg IV), firocoxib (FIRO; 0.2 mg/kg PO), and meloxicam (ML; 0.6 mg/kg, IV), on the embryo mobility. Thirty mares were divided into three groups (n = 10 per treatment). After the pregnancy diagnosis on day 12 after ovulation, the embryo mobility was evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography every 5 min for 1 h in order to visualize the location of the embryo. In all mares, three evaluations were performed: immediately before treatment (pre-treatment), after NSAID administration and 24 h after treatment. In group FM, embryo mobility decreased, from 5.8 ± 0.3 movements/hour (m/h) to 2.3 ± 0.5 m/h (p < 0.05) and, after 24 h the values were similar to the pre-treatment evaluation (5.9 ± 0.2 m/h). Likewise, ML treatment caused a decrease of embryo movements, from 5.9 ± 0.3 to 1.9 ± 0.3 m/h (p < 0.05), 24 h after treatment values were 5.7 ± 0.4 m/h. Treatment with FIRO did not interfere with embryo mobility (5.7 ± 0.4; 5.8 ± 0.3 and 5.6 ± 0.3 embryo movements in the first, second and third evaluation, respectively). In conclusion, FIRO was the only NSAID that did not alter the embryo mobility and may be the safest NSAID for use in early pregnant mares.
胚胎移动是胚胎和子宫内膜产生前列腺素的结果，前列腺素会促进子宫平滑肌收缩，从而推动胚泡通过管腔。非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs），如氟尼辛葡甲胺，常用于马医学，如果在怀孕早期使用，可能会改变孕体移动，这可能会损害母体对怀孕的识别。本研究的目的是评估和比较氟尼辛葡甲胺（FM；1.1毫克/千克静脉注射）、非罗考昔（FIRO；0.2毫克/千克口服）和美洛昔康（ML；0.6毫克/千克，静脉注射）对胚胎移动的影响。30匹母马被分为三组（每组n = 10）。在排卵后第12天进行妊娠诊断后，通过经直肠超声每5分钟评估一次胚胎移动，持续1小时，以观察胚胎的位置。在所有母马中，进行了三次评估：治疗前（治疗前）、NSAID给药后和治疗后24小时。在FM组中，胚胎移动从5.8±0.3次/小时（m/h）降至2.3±0.5 m/h（p < 0.05），24小时后的值与治疗前评估相似（5.9±0.2 m/h）。同样，ML治疗导致胚胎移动减少，从5.9±0.3降至1.9±0.3 m/h（p < 0.05），治疗后24小时的值为5.7±0.4 m/h。FIRO治疗不影响胚胎移动（第一次、第二次和第三次评估中的胚胎移动分别为5.7±0.4；5.8±0.3和5.6±0.3）。总之，FIRO是唯一一种不改变胚胎移动的NSAID，可能是怀孕早期母马使用的最安全的NSAID。
