Effects of feline leukemia virus infection on neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro.

A procedure for measuring in vitro feline neutrophil chemotaxis was developed, using a modified Boyden chamber apparatus and 3-microns-pore polycarbonate filters. A pooled feline serum sample was used as the chemoattractant. Chemotaxis was evaluated in 5 groups of cats: group 1-specific-pathogen-free cats that had not been exposed to feline leukemia virus (FeLV); group 2-previremic, FeLV-infected, specific-pathogen-free cats; group 3-FeLV-viremic, subclinically affected cats; group 4-FeLV-viremic, clinically affected cats; and group 5-sick cats that were not infected with FeLV. Neutrophils from the viremic, clinically affected cats had significantly lower (P less than 0.025) chemotactic responses than did those from subclinically affected, viremic cats. Conversely, neutrophils from cats that were ill due to causes other than FeLV had the highest mean chemotactic values. Among the viremic, subclinically affected cats, a linear relationship was found between age and chemotaxis, indicating that impairment of neutrophil function may be greater in younger viremic cats. However, FeLV-infected cats can not be identified on the basis of neutrophil chemotaxis.