Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 205 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
Macromol Biosci. 2019 Jan;19(1):e1800281. doi: 10.1002/mabi.201800281. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
Hydrogel biomaterials are pervasive in biomedical use. Applications of these soft materials range from contact lenses to drug depots to scaffolds for transplanted cells. A subset of hydrogels is prepared from physical cross-linking mediated by host-guest interactions. Host macrocycles, the most recognizable supramolecular motif, facilitate complex formation with an array of guests by inclusion in their portal. Commonly, an appended macrocycle forms a complex with appended guests on another polymer chain. The formation of poly(pseudo)rotaxanes is also demonstrated, wherein macrocycles are threaded by a polymer chain to give rise to physical cross-linking by secondary non-covalent interactions or polymer jamming. Host-guest supramolecular hydrogels lend themselves to a variety of applications resulting from their dynamic properties that arise from non-covalent supramolecular interactions, as well as engineered responsiveness to external stimuli. These are thus an exciting new class of materials.
水凝胶生物材料在生物医学中应用广泛。这些软材料的应用范围从隐形眼镜到药物储存库，再到移植细胞的支架。水凝胶的一个子集是通过主体 - 客体相互作用介导的物理交联制备的。主体大环，最易识别的超分子结构基元，通过在其入口处包含客体来促进与一系列客体的复杂形成。通常，附加的大环与另一个聚合物链上的附加客体形成复合物。还证明了聚（伪）轮烷的形成，其中大环通过聚合物链穿线，通过次级非共价相互作用或聚合物堵塞产生物理交联。主体 - 客体超分子水凝胶由于其动态特性而适用于各种应用，这些动态特性源于非共价超分子相互作用以及对外部刺激的工程响应。因此，它们是一类令人兴奋的新型材料。
