Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr. 2019 May;108(5):920-926. doi: 10.1111/apa.14610. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
Inhaled corticosteroids have resulted in the improved control of asthma and a reduced need for hospitalisation. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of uncontrolled asthma and factors that affect asthma control.
The data came from a longitudinal cohort study of children. The parents answered questionnaires from age 6 months to 12 years. The response rate at age 12 years was 76% (3637/4777) and doctor-diagnosed asthma was reported in 6.4% (n = 233). Asthma control was examined with the Asthma Control Test (ACT), where scores below 20 denote uncontrolled asthma.
Of the children with asthma at age 12 years, 15% had an ACT value below 20, that is uncontrolled asthma. Independent risk factors for uncontrolled asthma were wheeze triggered by exercise (adjusted OR, aOR 5.6; 1.9-16.6), cat at home (aOR 3.5; 1.2-10.0) and current doctor-diagnosed rhinitis (aOR 2.8; 95% CI 1.1-7.0). A higher education in the parents reduced the risk of uncontrolled asthma (aOR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1-0.8). Only six children (i.e. 2.6%) reported hospitalisation due to asthma during the last year.
Of the children with asthma, 15% had uncontrolled asthma. Higher education in the parents was associated with better asthma control in the children.
吸入皮质类固醇已改善哮喘控制并减少住院需求。本研究旨在调查未控制哮喘的流行情况以及影响哮喘控制的因素。
数据来自儿童纵向队列研究。父母从 6 个月大到 12 岁时回答问卷。12 岁时的应答率为 76%（4777/6437），报告了 6.4%（n=233）的医生诊断哮喘。使用哮喘控制测试（ACT）检查哮喘控制情况，得分低于 20 表示未控制的哮喘。
在 12 岁时患有哮喘的儿童中，有 15%的 ACT 值低于 20，即未控制的哮喘。未控制哮喘的独立危险因素为运动诱发的喘息（调整后的 OR，aOR 5.6；1.9-16.6）、家中有猫（aOR 3.5；1.2-10.0）和当前医生诊断的鼻炎（aOR 2.8；95%CI 1.1-7.0）。父母受教育程度较高可降低未控制哮喘的风险（aOR 0.3；95%CI 0.1-0.8）。在过去一年中，只有 6 名儿童（即 2.6%）因哮喘住院。
在患有哮喘的儿童中，有 15%的儿童患有未控制的哮喘。父母受教育程度较高与儿童哮喘控制更好有关。
