Cheon Chong Kun
Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
Korean J Pediatr. 2018 Oct;61(10):307-314. doi: 10.3345/kjp.2018.06870. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide. Combined effects of genetic and environmental factors cause T1DM, which make it difficult to predict whether an individual will inherit the disease. Due to the level of self-care necessary in T1DM maintenance, it is crucial for pediatric settings to support achieving optimal glucose control, especially when adolescents are beginning to take more responsibility for their own health. Innovative insulin delivery systems, such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), and noninvasive glucose monitoring systems, such as continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), allow patients with T1DM to achieve a normal and flexible lifestyle. However, there are still challenges in achieving optimal glucose control despite advanced technology in T1DM administration. In this article, disease prediction and current management of T1DM are reviewed with special emphasis on biomarkers of pancreatic β-cell stress, CSII, glucose monitoring, and several other adjunctive therapies.
全球范围内，儿童和青少年1型糖尿病（T1DM）的发病率正在上升。遗传和环境因素的综合作用导致了T1DM，这使得预测个体是否会遗传该疾病变得困难。由于T1DM维持所需的自我护理水平，儿科环境支持实现最佳血糖控制至关重要，尤其是当青少年开始对自己的健康承担更多责任时。创新的胰岛素输送系统，如持续皮下胰岛素输注（CSII），以及非侵入性血糖监测系统，如持续葡萄糖监测（CGM），使T1DM患者能够实现正常且灵活的生活方式。然而，尽管T1DM管理技术先进，但在实现最佳血糖控制方面仍存在挑战。本文回顾了T1DM的疾病预测和当前管理，特别强调了胰腺β细胞应激的生物标志物、CSII、血糖监测和其他几种辅助治疗。
