Larouche Richard, Mire Emily F, Belanger Kevin, Barreira Tiago V, Chaput Jean-Philippe, Fogelholm Mikael, Hu Gang, Lambert Estelle V, Maher Carol, Maia José, Olds Tim, Onywera Vincent, Sarmiento Olga L, Standage Martyn, Tudor-Locke Catrine, Katzmarzyk Peter T, Tremblay Mark S
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute.
University of Lethbridge.
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2019 Feb 1;31(1):118-129. doi: 10.1123/pes.2018-0055. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
This study investigated the relationship between outdoor time and physical activity (PA), sedentary time (SED), and body mass index z scores among children from 12 lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income, and high-income countries.
In total, 6478 children (54.4% girls) aged 9-11 years participated. Outdoor time was self-reported, PA and SED were assessed with ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers, and height and weight were measured. Data on parental education, neighborhood collective efficacy, and accessibility to neighborhood recreation facilities were collected from parent questionnaires. Country latitude and climate statistics were collected through national weather data sources. Gender-stratified multilevel models with parental education, climate, and neighborhood variables as covariates were used to examine the relationship between outdoor time, accelerometry measures, and body mass index z scores.
Each additional hour per day spent outdoors was associated with higher moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (boys: +2.8 min/d; girls: +1.4 min/d), higher light-intensity PA (boys: +2.0 min/d; girls: +2.3 min/d), and lower SED (boys: -6.3 min/d; girls: -5.1 min/d). Effect sizes were generally weaker in lower-middle-income countries. Outdoor time was not associated with body mass index z scores.
Outdoor time was associated with higher PA and lower SED independent of climate, parental education, and neighborhood variables, but effect sizes were small. However, more research is needed in low- and middle-income countries.
本研究调查了来自12个中低收入、中高收入和高收入国家的儿童的户外时间与身体活动（PA）、久坐时间（SED）以及体重指数z评分之间的关系。
共有6478名9至11岁的儿童（54.4%为女孩）参与了研究。户外时间通过自我报告获得，PA和SED使用ActiGraph GT3X+加速度计进行评估，并测量身高和体重。从家长问卷中收集有关父母教育程度、邻里集体效能以及邻里娱乐设施可达性的数据。通过国家气象数据源收集国家纬度和气候统计数据。使用以父母教育程度、气候和邻里变量作为协变量的性别分层多水平模型来检验户外时间、加速度计测量值与体重指数z评分之间的关系。
每天在户外多呆一小时与更高的中等到剧烈强度的PA相关（男孩：+2.8分钟/天；女孩：+1.4分钟/天），更高的轻度强度PA相关（男孩：+2.0分钟/天；女孩：+2.3分钟/天），以及更低的SED相关（男孩：-6.3分钟/天；女孩：-5.1分钟/天）。在中低收入国家，效应大小通常较弱。户外时间与体重指数z评分无关。
户外时间与更高的PA和更低的SED相关，独立于气候、父母教育程度和邻里变量，但效应大小较小。然而，低收入和中等收入国家需要更多的研究。
