USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Research Unit P.O. Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762-5367, United States of America.
Poult Sci. 2019 Mar 1;98(3):1090-1095. doi: 10.3382/ps/pey487.
Replacing outdated incandescent light sources provides the opportunity to modify lighting systems according to the needs of different species and according to their spectral sensitivity. Providing a lighting environment geared towards poultry vision may improve bird welfare and blood physiological homeostasis. The influence of two LED light sources (red-supplemented vs. un-supplemented) adjusted to either human spectral sensitivity (lux) or poultry spectral sensitivity (CLUX) was investigated on selected blood physiological variables of male broilers. A total of 960 1-d-old male chicks were randomly distributed into 16 environmentally controlled rooms (60 chicks/room). Birds were provided a diet formulated to meet NRC recommendations with feed and water provided ad libitum. The treatments consisted of two LED light sources (red-supplemented (RS) vs. un-supplemented (WL)) adjusted to either human spectral sensitivity (CIE) or poultry spectral sensitivity (CLUX) arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. Blood samples were collected from the brachial wing vein of six birds per room on d 21, 28, 42, and 56, which were then analyzed immediately for whole blood physiological variables. Blood plasma samples were analyzed for corticosterone. In comparison to broilers reared under RS, broilers reared under WL had lower levels of pO2, SaO2, angap, and Osmo, which were within physiological ranges. Also, birds reared under CIE had lower levels of Na+, which were also within the physiological range. In addition, blood glucose and plasma corticosterone concentrations were not affected by treatments, suggesting an absence of physiological stress. In conclusion, it is suggested that minor differences in lighting programs such as lighting source should not be expected to compromise broilers welfare, but rather is primarily an economic decision driven by capital and operation costs.
更换过时的白炽光源为根据不同物种的需求以及它们的光谱灵敏度来调整照明系统提供了机会。为家禽视觉提供符合要求的照明环境可能会提高禽类福利和血液生理稳态。本研究调查了两种 LED 光源（补充红光的与未补充红光的），根据人类光谱灵敏度（流明）或家禽光谱灵敏度（CLUX）进行调整，对雄性肉鸡的部分血液生理变量的影响。总共 960 只 1 日龄雄性小鸡被随机分配到 16 个环境控制房间（每间 60 只鸡）。这些小鸡提供根据 NRC 推荐配方制成的饲料，自由采食和饮水。处理包括两种 LED 光源（补充红光的（RS）与未补充红光的（WL）），根据人类光谱灵敏度（CIE）或家禽光谱灵敏度（CLUX）进行调整，采用 2×2 因子设计。在第 21、28、42 和 56 天，从每个房间的臂翅静脉采集 6 只鸡的血液样本，然后立即分析全血生理变量。对血浆样本进行皮质酮分析。与在 RS 条件下饲养的肉鸡相比，在 WL 条件下饲养的肉鸡的 pO2、SaO2、angap 和 Osmo 水平较低，但仍处于生理范围内。此外，在 CIE 条件下饲养的鸡的 Na+水平也较低，但仍处于生理范围内。此外，血糖和血浆皮质酮浓度不受处理的影响，表明不存在生理应激。因此，建议不应期望照明方案（如光源）的微小差异会影响肉鸡的福利，而主要是由资本和运营成本驱动的经济决策。
