营养过剩与学业成绩：二者有关系吗？一项为期 8 年的随访研究。
Overnutrition and Scholastic Achievement: Is There a Relationship? An 8-Year Follow-Up Study.
出版信息
Obes Facts. 2018;11(5):344-359. doi: 10.1159/000492004. Epub 2018 Oct 12.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess the association between overnutrition and scholastic achievement (SA).
METHODS
A representative and proportional sample of 477 children of the 5th elementary school grade of both genders was randomly chosen during 2010, in the Metropolitan Region of Chile. SA was measured through the 2009 Education Quality Measurement System (SIMCE) tests of language (LSA), mathematics (MSA) and understanding of the natural environment (UNESA). Current nutritional status was assessed through the body mass index Z-score (Z-BMI). Nutritional quality of diet, schedule exercise, socioeconomic status, family, and educational variables were also recorded. Four and 8 years later, SA was assessed through the 2013 SIMCE and the University Selection Test (2017 PSU), respectively.
RESULTS
Socioeconomic status, the number of repeated school years, and maternal schooling were strong predictors of 2009 SIMCE and the independent variables with the greatest explanatory power for LSA (Model R2 = 0.178; p < 0.00001) variances, besides of gender for MSA (Model R2 = 0.205; p< 0.00001) and UNESA (Model R2 = 0.272; p < 0.00001). Overnourished children did not have significantly lower 2009 and 2013 SIMCE and 2017 PSU outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
These results confirm that overnourished children did not achieve significantly lower SA.
目的
本研究旨在评估营养过剩与学业成绩（SA）之间的关系。
方法
2010 年，在智利大都市地区，随机选择了 477 名男女五年级学生的代表性和比例样本。SA 通过 2009 年教育质量衡量系统（SIMCE）的语言（LSA）、数学（MSA）和自然环境理解（UNESA）测试进行衡量。目前的营养状况通过体重指数 Z 分数（Z-BMI）进行评估。还记录了饮食、运动计划、社会经济地位、家庭和教育变量的营养质量。四和八年后，通过 2013 年 SIMCE 和大学选拔考试（2017 年 PSU）评估 SA。
结果
社会经济地位、留级次数和母亲受教育程度是 2009 年 SIMCE 的重要预测因素，也是 LSA 方差的最具解释力的自变量（模型 R2 = 0.178；p < 0.00001），以及 MSA（模型 R2 = 0.205；p < 0.00001）和 UNESA（模型 R2 = 0.272；p < 0.00001）的性别变量。营养过剩的儿童在 2009 年和 2013 年 SIMCE 以及 2017 年 PSU 考试中的成绩并没有明显降低。
结论
这些结果证实，营养过剩的儿童的学业成绩并没有明显降低。
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