UCLA Center for Healthier Children, Families, and Communities, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Acad Pediatr. 2013 Jan-Feb;13(1):6-13. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2012.10.007. Epub 2012 Nov 30.
This large population-based study of US children considered the association of obesity with a broad range of comorbidities. This study examined relationships between weight status and health for US children.
We performed cross-sectional analysis of data on 43,297 children aged 10 to 17 from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health. Weight status was calculated from parent report of child height and weight. Logistic regression models assessed associations between weight status and 21 indicators of general health, psychosocial functioning, and specific health disorders, adjusting for sociodemographic factors.
Using body mass index (BMI) percentiles for age and sex, 15% of US children were considered overweight (BMI 85th to <95th percentile), and 16% were obese (BMI ≥95th percentile). Compared with children classified as not overweight, obese children were more likely to have reported good/fair/poor health (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.76-2.69), activity restrictions (AOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.10-1.75), internalizing problems (AOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.04-2.45), externalizing problems (AOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.07-1.65), grade repetition (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.24-1.99), school problems, and missed school days. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, depression, learning disability, developmental delay, bone/joint/muscle problems, asthma, allergies, headaches, and ear infections were all more common in obese children.
Obese children have increased odds of worse reported general health, psychosocial functioning, and specific health disorders. Physicians, parents, and teachers should be informed of the specific comorbidities associated with childhood obesity to target interventions that could enhance well-being. Future research should examine additional comorbidities and seek to confirm associations using longitudinal data and clinical measures of height and weight.
本项基于人群的大型美国儿童研究考虑了肥胖与多种合并症的关联。本研究检查了体重状况与美国儿童健康之间的关系。
我们对 2007 年全国儿童健康调查中 43297 名 10 至 17 岁儿童的数据进行了横断面分析。体重状况根据父母报告的儿童身高和体重计算得出。采用 logistic 回归模型评估了体重状况与 21 项一般健康、心理社会功能和特定健康障碍指标之间的关联，同时调整了社会人口因素。
采用年龄和性别对应的体重指数（BMI）百分位数，15%的美国儿童超重（BMI 第 85 至 <95 百分位），16%的儿童肥胖（BMI≥第 95 百分位）。与体重正常的儿童相比，肥胖儿童更有可能报告健康状况一般/较差/差（调整后比值比[OR]2.18，95%置信区间[CI]1.76-2.69）、活动受限（OR 1.39，95% CI 1.10-1.75）、内化问题（OR 1.59，95% CI 1.04-2.45）、外化问题（OR 1.33，95% CI 1.07-1.65）、留级（OR 1.57，95% CI 1.24-1.99）、学校问题和缺课。注意力缺陷多动障碍、品行障碍、抑郁、学习障碍、发育迟缓、骨骼/关节/肌肉问题、哮喘、过敏、头痛和耳部感染在肥胖儿童中更为常见。
肥胖儿童更有可能出现报告的一般健康状况、心理社会功能和特定健康障碍恶化的情况。医生、家长和教师应了解与儿童肥胖相关的特定合并症，以针对可增强幸福感的干预措施。未来的研究应进一步研究其他合并症，并寻求使用纵向数据和身高体重的临床测量来确认这些关联。
