Kelly Brendan D
National Forensic Psychiatry Service,Central Mental Hospital,Dundrum,Dublin 14,Ireland.
Ir J Psychol Med. 2004 Jun;21(2):61-68. doi: 10.1017/S0790966700008326.
Recent years have seen renewed emphasis on the importance of mental health policy as a key component of health and social policy at both national and international levels. In 2001 the European Commission produced a public health framework for mental health in the EU. In the same year, the World Health Organisation devoted its annual health report to mental health and called on countries to formulate, update and implement mental health policies. The EU and WHO initiatives both recognised that the challenges facing mental health policy makers are increasingly transnational in scope, related to issues such as rapid demographic change, increased transnational migration, the protection of human rights and the implementation of a growing number of international laws, directives and protocols in relation to mental health care. Significant progress has been made in the development of Irish mental health services over the past 40 years. Nevertheless, many challenges remain. The aims of this paper are to outline: • Prevailing theoretical perspectives on mental health policy • Mental health policy in Ireland since the last major policy revision in 1984 • Relevant economic and demographic changes in Ireland since 1984 • Relevant clinical, legislative and policy developments in relation to mental health • Future directions for mental health policy. Electronic literature searches were performed using Psyclit (American Psychological Association, 1887-2003), Medline (United States National Library of Medicine, 1985 - 2003), with broad search terms related to mental health policy. Additional books and papers were identified by tracking back through references and consulting with colleagues. Policy documents and selected literature on Irish psychiatric services were reviewed and related to recent literature on mental health policy.
近年来，心理健康政策作为国家和国际层面卫生与社会政策的关键组成部分，其重要性再次受到重视。2001年，欧盟委员会制定了欧盟心理健康公共卫生框架。同年，世界卫生组织将其年度卫生报告聚焦于心理健康，并呼吁各国制定、更新和实施心理健康政策。欧盟和世界卫生组织的举措均认识到，心理健康政策制定者面临的挑战在范围上日益具有跨国性，这些挑战涉及快速的人口结构变化、跨国移民增加、人权保护以及越来越多与精神卫生保健相关的国际法、指令和议定书的实施等问题。在过去40年里，爱尔兰心理健康服务的发展取得了重大进展。然而，许多挑战依然存在。本文的目的是概述：• 心理健康政策的主流理论观点 • 自1984年上次重大政策修订以来爱尔兰的心理健康政策 • 1984年以来爱尔兰相关的经济和人口变化 • 与心理健康相关的临床、立法和政策发展 • 心理健康政策的未来方向。使用Psyclit（美国心理学会，1887 - 2003）、Medline（美国国立医学图书馆，1985 - 2003）进行了电子文献检索，检索词与心理健康政策相关。通过追溯参考文献和咨询同事，确定了其他书籍和论文。对爱尔兰精神科服务的政策文件和选定文献进行了审查，并与近期心理健康政策文献相关联。
