Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Food Chem. 2019 Jan 30;272:267-272. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.049. Epub 2018 Aug 10.
Since January 2018, insects have been recognised as novel foods in the EU, but their nutritional value varies, and factors affecting their nutritional composition have been debated. We investigated the effect of sex on the nutritional value and chemical composition of the house cricket (Acheta domestica L.). Both sexes were rich in protein and lipids. The proximate composition was partly influenced by sex; females contained a significantly higher amount of lipids (18.3-21.7 vs 12.9-16.1 g/100 g dry matter, p = 0.0001) and fewer proteins than males (61.2-64.9 vs 66.3-69.6 g/100 g dry matter, p = 0.0001). Males contained more chitin (p = 0.0015) and nitrogen chains (p = 0.0003) than females. Only the ash (p = 0.4314) and nitrogen-free extract (p = 0.4871) were uninfluenced by sex. Furthermore, nutrient quality expressed as essential amino acid (72.3-77.1), thrombogenicity (1.22-1.45), and atherogenicity indices (0.53-0.58) did not differ between sexes (p > 0.05).
自 2018 年 1 月以来，昆虫在欧盟被确认为新型食品，但它们的营养价值各不相同，影响其营养成分的因素也存在争议。我们研究了性别对家蟋蟀（Acheta domestica L.）营养价值和化学成分的影响。雌雄两性均富含蛋白质和脂肪。其近似组成部分受性别影响；雌性的脂质含量（18.3-21.7 比 12.9-16.1 g/100 g 干物质，p=0.0001）明显高于雄性，而蛋白质含量（61.2-64.9 比 66.3-69.6 g/100 g 干物质，p=0.0001）则低于雄性。雄性的几丁质（p=0.0015）和氮链（p=0.0003）含量高于雌性。只有灰分（p=0.4314）和无氮提取物（p=0.4871）不受性别影响。此外，用必需氨基酸（72.3-77.1）、血栓形成指数（1.22-1.45）和动脉粥样硬化指数（0.53-0.58）表示的营养质量在性别之间没有差异（p>0.05）。
