Karaali Hajar F, Fahmi Ragaee R, Borjac Jamilah M
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
J Complement Integr Med. 2018 Oct 12;16(2):/j/jcim.2019.16.issue-2/jcim-2018-0111/jcim-2018-0111.xml. doi: 10.1515/jcim-2018-0111.
Background Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most widely used drugs to treat pain. Its overdose is lethal causing liver and kidney failure. Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity are mostly due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Ocimum basilicum, known as basil, is a commonly used medicinal plant due to its versatile role as antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-oxidative. We aim in this study to investigate the preventive and protective effect of basil leaves aqueous extract against APAP-induced hepatorenal toxicity in BALB/c mice. Methods Acute kidney injury (AKI) was induced in mice using APAP. Mice were treated with basils extract pre and post AKI induction. Kidney and liver functions were assessed by measuring creatinine, urea, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase levels in serum. Superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde levels of renal and hepatic tissues were assayed using Elisa. Kidney injury molecule (KIM-1) was quantified in kidney homogenate. Histopathological analysis of kidney and liver were examined. Results Significant increase in all serum parameters, in hepatic and renal MDA, and in renal KIM-1 levels was observed post AKI induction. Treatment with basils post AKI induction minimized APAP damage by reducing serum markers and MDA in both organs and by increasing SOD and CAT. However, pretreatment with basils extract caused additional increase in serum ALT and AST and MDA in liver, with a significant increase in renal antioxidant enzymes. These results were confirmed by histopathological examination. Conclusion Basil extract may act as a natural antioxidant to treat APAP-induced acute hepato-renal toxicity when used as a post-treatment.
对乙酰氨基酚（APAP）是治疗疼痛最常用的药物之一。其过量服用具有致死性，可导致肝肾功能衰竭。肾毒性和肝毒性主要归因于活性氧的过度产生。罗勒，也被称为九层塔，是一种常用的药用植物，因其具有抗菌、抗真菌和抗氧化等多种作用。在本研究中，我们旨在探究罗勒叶水提取物对APAP诱导的BALB/c小鼠肝肾毒性的预防和保护作用。
使用APAP诱导小鼠急性肾损伤（AKI）。在AKI诱导前后用罗勒提取物对小鼠进行治疗。通过测量血清中的肌酐、尿素、丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶水平来评估肝肾功能。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测肾和肝组织中的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和丙二醛水平。对肾匀浆中的肾损伤分子（KIM-1）进行定量分析。对肾和肝进行组织病理学分析。
AKI诱导后，所有血清参数、肝和肾丙二醛以及肾KIM-1水平均显著升高。AKI诱导后用罗勒治疗可通过降低两个器官中的血清标志物和丙二醛以及增加超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶来使APAP损伤最小化。然而，用罗勒提取物进行预处理会导致肝脏中血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶以及丙二醛进一步升高，同时肾抗氧化酶显著增加。这些结果通过组织病理学检查得到证实。
罗勒提取物在作为治疗后用药时，可能作为一种天然抗氧化剂来治疗APAP诱导的急性肝肾毒性。
