Centre for Applied Psychology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
J Adolesc. 2018 Dec;69:130-139. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.10.002. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
Depression rises significantly in adolescence, with females reporting twice the prevalence of males into adulthood. In accordance with cognitive vulnerability theories, eating and weight-related disturbances have been implicated in this increase, but a broader assessment of body image constructs within this framework is needed.
The current prospective study examined body importance, body dissatisfaction, and body change strategies to lose weight and increase muscularity as predictors of depressive symptoms over one year in N = 298 adolescents in Canberra, Australia (at Time 2, the sample comprised n = 161 female adolescents, M = 15.36 years, SD = 1.10; n = 137 male adolescents, M = 15.54 years, SD = 1.15). The moderating role of sex was also assessed.
RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Results revealed that body importance and body change strategies to increase muscularity explained significant variance in depressive symptoms beyond baseline covariates of depressive symptoms and stress, with the effect of body importance relevant in female but not male adolescents. The findings support the use of more comprehensive assessments of body image constructs to inform cognitive vulnerability theories of adolescent depression, and corresponding prevention and intervention programs.
抑郁症在青少年中显著上升，女性在成年后报告的患病率是男性的两倍。根据认知易损性理论，与饮食和体重相关的紊乱与这种增加有关，但需要在该框架内更全面地评估身体意象结构。
本前瞻性研究在澳大利亚堪培拉的 298 名青少年中（在第 2 时间点，样本包括 n=161 名女性青少年，M=15.36 岁，SD=1.10；n=137 名男性青少年，M=15.54 岁，SD=1.15），研究了身体重要性、身体不满和身体改变策略来减肥和增加肌肉量作为一年后抑郁症状的预测指标。还评估了性别的调节作用。
结果表明，身体重要性和增加肌肉量的身体改变策略可以解释抑郁症状的显著差异，超过了抑郁症状和压力的基线协变量，身体重要性的影响在女性青少年中具有相关性，但在男性青少年中则没有。研究结果支持更全面地评估身体意象结构，以支持青少年抑郁的认知易损性理论，以及相应的预防和干预计划。
