Carapeto Maria João, Domingos Raquel, Veiga Guida
Departamento de Psicologia, Escola de Ciências Sociais, Universidade de Évora, 7005-345 Évora, Portugal.
Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, 7005-345 Évora, Portugal.
Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2020 Nov 3;10(4):1020-1034. doi: 10.3390/ejihpe10040072.
Depression is a recognized mental health problem in adolescence and body dissatisfaction is an important risk factor. The main goal of this study is to examine the relationship between body dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms, and whether it depends on adolescents' weight status, an issue that remains understudied. Two hundred and fourteen adolescents (12-16 years) completed self-report measures of depressive symptoms, body dissatisfaction and weight status (i.e., current body weight and height, to compute body mass index z-scores, BMIz). Hierarchical multiple regression and moderation analyses were conducted, accounting for gender and age effects on depressive symptoms. Body dissatisfaction was found to be a predictor of depressive symptoms for the low and median BMIz adolescents, but not for those with high BMIz. In addition, this interaction of body dissatisfaction and BMIz improved the ability of the regression model to explain depressive symptoms´ variance beyond the effect of gender and age. The high-BMIz adolescents presented higher body dissatisfaction but similar levels of depressive symptoms, compared to the lower BMIz adolescents. These findings suggest the influence of body dissatisfaction in the emergence of depressive symptoms in the first half of adolescence, and the importance of weight status throughout this path.
抑郁症是青少年中公认的心理健康问题，身体不满意是一个重要的风险因素。本研究的主要目的是检验身体不满意与抑郁症状之间的关系，以及这种关系是否取决于青少年的体重状况，这一问题仍未得到充分研究。214名青少年（12至16岁）完成了抑郁症状、身体不满意和体重状况（即当前体重和身高，以计算身体质量指数z分数，BMIz）的自我报告测量。进行了分层多元回归和调节分析，考虑了性别和年龄对抑郁症状的影响。结果发现，身体不满意是低BMIz和中等BMIz青少年抑郁症状的一个预测因素，但对于高BMIz青少年则不是。此外，身体不满意和BMIz的这种相互作用提高了回归模型解释抑郁症状变异的能力，超出了性别和年龄的影响。与低BMIz青少年相比，高BMIz青少年表现出更高的身体不满意，但抑郁症状水平相似。这些发现表明身体不满意对青春期上半叶抑郁症状出现的影响，以及体重状况在这一过程中的重要性。
