Kafle M P, Sigdel M R, Shrestha M, Shah D S
Department of Nephrology and Transplant Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Department of Nephrology and Transplant Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Transplant Proc. 2018 Oct;50(8):2493-2495. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.05.011. Epub 2018 May 24.
Kidney transplant recipients are always at risk of infections because they are on lifelong immunosuppressive medications. The spectrum of infections in this special population is not the same as in the general population. Post-transplant infections are extensively studied in the developed world. Publications about post-transplant infections from Nepal are scarce. This study was carried out to study the spectrum of infections, the trends in treatment, and the incidence of tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients.
This is a retrospective analysis of the patient data in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Follow-up data from the first 100 kidney transplant recipients was recorded in a Microsoft Excel worksheet and descriptive analysis was done.
In the first 100 transplants done until 21 September 2011, 92 patients' data were recorded and 8 patients' data were missing. The mean follow-up period was 61.03 months. The population was 76.09% male (n = 70) and 23.91% female (n = 22). A total of 641 episodes of infections were recorded. Urinary tract infections were the most common type of infection. Escherichia coli was the most common organism isolated (36% of all cultures). There were 17 (2.65%) episodes of viral and 42 (6.6%) episodes of fungal infections. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 6 (6.5%) patients.
Urinary tract infection is the most common type of infection in post-kidney transplant patients. Quinolones were the most common agents used to treat urinary tract infections. The incidence of tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients is 6.5% in 5 years' follow-up.
肾移植受者由于需要终身服用免疫抑制药物，始终面临感染风险。这一特殊人群的感染谱与普通人群不同。移植后感染在发达国家得到了广泛研究。来自尼泊尔的关于移植后感染的出版物很少。本研究旨在探讨肾移植受者的感染谱、治疗趋势及结核病发病率。
这是对尼泊尔加德满都特里布万大学教学医院患者数据的回顾性分析。将前100例肾移植受者的随访数据记录在Microsoft Excel工作表中，并进行描述性分析。
截至2011年9月21日完成的前100例移植中，记录了92例患者的数据，8例患者的数据缺失。平均随访期为61.03个月。人群中男性占76.09%（n = 70），女性占23.91%（n = 22）。共记录了641次感染发作。尿路感染是最常见的感染类型。大肠埃希菌是最常见的分离出的病原体（占所有培养物的36%）。有17次（2.65%）病毒感染发作和42次（6.6%）真菌感染发作。6例（6.5%）患者被诊断为结核病。
尿路感染是肾移植后患者最常见的感染类型。喹诺酮类药物是治疗尿路感染最常用的药物。肾移植受者在5年随访中的结核病发病率为6.5%。
