Wainberg Milton L, Helpman Liat, Duarte Cristiane S, Vermund Sten H, Mootz Jennifer J, Gouveia Lidia, Oquendo Maria A, McKinnon Karen, Cournos Francine
New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
Psychiatric Research Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel.
Lancet Psychiatry. 2018 Nov;5(11):940-944. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30342-0. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
Although psychiatric disorders are classified as non-communicable diseases, we believe this classification is too rigid and limiting. We present evidence of the communicability of psychiatric disorders through three major pathways: infectious and ecological, familial, and sociocultural communicability. Successful strategies developed to control the spread of communicable infectious diseases are relevant to curtailing the communicability of psychiatric disorders, thereby reducing their burden. Current interventions and policies that conceptualise psychiatric illnesses as non-communicable mostly focus on the individual. By applying strategies from infectious disease and chronic illness prevention models within a socioecological framework, we posit a broad communicable chronic disease psychiatric illness control plan for effectively treating the patient with the psychiatric disorder (host) as early as possible, providing benefits to their family and the community, and preventing transmission to others.
尽管精神疾病被归类为非传染性疾病，但我们认为这种分类过于僵化和具有局限性。我们通过三种主要途径展示了精神疾病的传染性证据：感染性和生态性、家族性以及社会文化传染性。为控制传染性传染病传播而制定的成功策略与减少精神疾病的传染性相关，从而减轻其负担。目前将精神疾病概念化为非传染性疾病的干预措施和政策大多侧重于个体。通过在社会生态框架内应用传染病和慢性病预防模型的策略，我们提出了一个广泛的传染性慢性病精神疾病控制计划，以便尽早有效地治疗患有精神疾病的患者（宿主），为其家庭和社区带来益处，并防止疾病传播给他人。
