Laboratory of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Faculty of Health Care and Nursing, Urayasu, Japan.
Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Japan.
FEBS Lett. 2018 Dec;592(23):3921-3942. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.13275. Epub 2018 Oct 27.
Lipid rafts formed by glycosphingolipids (GSLs) on cellular membranes play important roles in innate and adaptive immunity. Lactosylceramide (LacCer) forms lipid rafts on plasma and granular membranes of human neutrophils. These LacCer-enriched lipid rafts bind directly to pathogenic components, such as pathogenic fungi-derived β-glucan and Mycobacteria-derived lipoarabinomannan via carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions, and mediate innate immune responses to these pathogens. In contrast, a-series and o-series gangliosides form distinct rafts on CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets, respectively, contributing to the respective functions of these cells and stimulating adaptive immune responses through T cell receptors. These findings suggest that gangliosides play indispensable roles in T cell selection and activation. This Review introduces the involvement of GSL-enriched lipid rafts in innate and adaptive immunity.
细胞膜上的糖脂（GSLs）形成的脂筏在先天免疫和适应性免疫中发挥重要作用。乳糖神经酰胺（LacCer）在人中性粒细胞的血浆和颗粒膜上形成脂筏。这些富含 LacCer 的脂筏通过碳水化合物-碳水化合物相互作用直接与致病成分结合，如致病性真菌衍生的β-葡聚糖和分枝杆菌衍生的脂阿拉伯甘露聚糖，并介导对这些病原体的先天免疫反应。相比之下，a 系列和 o 系列神经节苷脂分别在 CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞亚群上形成不同的脂筏，有助于这些细胞的各自功能，并通过 T 细胞受体刺激适应性免疫反应。这些发现表明神经节苷脂在 T 细胞选择和激活中发挥不可或缺的作用。这篇综述介绍了富含 GSL 的脂筏在先天免疫和适应性免疫中的参与。
