Ma Yu Ying, Zhang Huan Chao, Xiang Xing Jia, Wang Dao Zhong, Guo Xi Sheng, Guo Zhi Bin, Sun Rui Bo, Chu Hai Yan
College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2018 Oct;29(10):3398-3406. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201810.035.
In agroecosystem, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have mutually beneficial symbiosis with roots of many crops. Meanwhile, this special fungal community is also affected by agricultural mana-gements such as fertilization. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term fertilization managements (no fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer combined with straw, chemical fertilizer combined with manure) on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community (AM fungal community) in lime concretion black soil, and to identify the indicator species in each fertilization regime. The most dominant arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal phyla in lime concretion black soil were Archaeosporaceae, Diversisporaceae, Gigasporaceae, Claroideoglomeraceae, Glomeraceae and Paraglomeraceae. The genus Paraglomus was strongly and significantly associated with the application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer. Compared with the control, long-term application of chemical fertilizer greatly changed AM fungal community structure and resulted in the decrease of AM fungal diversity, and the addition of wheat straw further decreased the diversity, while the addition of manure could alleviate diversity loss resulted from chemical fertilization. Soil pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were the main factors affecting the changes of AM fungal community. In summary, long-term application of chemical fertilizer combined with different organic materials had different impacts on soil AM fungal community structure and diversity. The combination of chemical fertilizer and manure would be more conducive to the maintenance of AM fungal diversity.
在农业生态系统中，丛枝菌根真菌与许多作物的根系形成互利共生关系。同时，这种特殊的真菌群落也受到施肥等农业管理措施的影响。本研究的目的是调查长期施肥管理（不施肥、施用化肥、化肥与秸秆配施、化肥与有机肥配施）对石灰性黑土中丛枝菌根真菌群落（AM真菌群落）的影响，并确定每种施肥制度下的指示物种。石灰性黑土中最主要的丛枝菌根真菌门类为古孢科、多样孢科、巨孢科、明球囊霉科、球囊霉科和类球囊霉科。类球囊霉属与化肥和有机肥的施用密切相关。与对照相比，长期施用化肥极大地改变了AM真菌群落结构，导致AM真菌多样性降低，添加小麦秸秆进一步降低了多样性，而添加有机肥可以缓解化肥导致的多样性损失。土壤pH值和溶解性有机碳（DOC）是影响AM真菌群落变化的主要因素。总之，长期施用化肥并结合不同有机物料对土壤AM真菌群落结构和多样性有不同影响。化肥与有机肥配施更有利于维持AM真菌多样性。
