Moora Mari, Davison John, Öpik Maarja, Metsis Madis, Saks Ülle, Jairus Teele, Vasar Martti, Zobel Martin
Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2014 Dec;90(3):609-21. doi: 10.1111/1574-6941.12420. Epub 2014 Sep 22.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an important role in ecosystems, but little is known about how soil AM fungal community composition varies in relation to habitat type and land-use intensity. We molecularly characterized AM fungal communities in soil samples (n = 88) from structurally open (permanent grassland, intensive and sustainable agriculture) and forested habitats (primeval forest and spruce plantation). The habitats harboured significantly different AM fungal communities, and there was a broad difference in fungal community composition between forested and open habitats, the latter being characterized by higher average AM fungal richness. Within both open and forest habitats, intensive land use significantly influenced community composition. There was a broad difference in the phylogenetic structure of AM fungal communities between mechanically disturbed and nondisturbed habitats. Taxa from Glomeraceae served as indicator species for the nondisturbed habitats, while taxa from Archaeosporaceae, Claroideoglomeraceae and Diversisporaceae were indicators for the disturbed habitats. The distribution of these indicator taxa among habitat types in the MaarjAM global database of AM fungal diversity was in accordance with their local indicator status.
丛枝菌根（AM）真菌在生态系统中发挥着重要作用，但关于土壤AM真菌群落组成如何随栖息地类型和土地利用强度而变化，我们知之甚少。我们对来自结构开阔的栖息地（永久草地、集约型和可持续农业）以及森林栖息地（原始森林和云杉人工林）的土壤样本（n = 88）中的AM真菌群落进行了分子特征分析。这些栖息地拥有显著不同的AM真菌群落，森林栖息地和开阔栖息地之间的真菌群落组成存在广泛差异，后者的特征是平均AM真菌丰富度更高。在开阔栖息地和森林栖息地中，集约型土地利用均对群落组成产生了显著影响。在受到机械干扰和未受干扰的栖息地之间，AM真菌群落的系统发育结构存在广泛差异。球囊霉科的分类群是未受干扰栖息地的指示物种，而古孢囊霉科、类球囊霉科和多样孢囊霉科的分类群是受干扰栖息地的指示物种。这些指示分类群在AM真菌多样性的MaarjAM全球数据库中栖息地类型之间的分布与其当地指示地位一致。
