School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences/Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Dec;270:474-482. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.018. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
Recent work has suggested that anxiety restricts working memory capacity, which may underlie a wide range of cognitive symptoms in anxiety. However, previous literature on the anxiety-visual working memory association yielded mixed results, with some studies demonstrating an anxiety-related increase in visual working memory capacity. In an attempt to gain a more thorough understanding of the relationship between anxiety and visual working memory maintenance function, the current study examined the influence of trait anxiety on visual working memory capacity and resolution for negative, positive, and neutral faces in a large unselected sample, by conducting two different experiments. Experiment 1 used a change-detection task to estimate visual working memory capacity, while Experiment 2 used a modified time-delay estimation task to measure memory precision. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to analyze the relationship between trait anxiety, emotional valence, and visual working memory. Results showed that trait anxiety was associated with decreased visual working memory capacity for faces in a valence-independent manner, whereas anxiety-related change in visual working memory resolution was not significant. This pattern of results was discussed in light of the theories of anxiety and visual working memory.
最近的研究表明，焦虑会限制工作记忆容量，这可能是焦虑症患者出现各种认知症状的基础。然而，先前关于焦虑与视觉工作记忆关联性的文献得出的结果并不一致，有些研究表明焦虑与视觉工作记忆容量增加有关。为了更全面地了解焦虑与视觉工作记忆维持功能之间的关系，本研究通过两个不同的实验，在一个未筛选的大样本中，考察了特质焦虑对负性、正性和中性面孔的视觉工作记忆容量和分辨率的影响。实验 1 使用变化检测任务来估计视觉工作记忆容量，而实验 2 使用改进的时距估计任务来测量记忆精度。分层线性模型用于分析特质焦虑、情绪效价和视觉工作记忆之间的关系。结果表明，特质焦虑与面孔的视觉工作记忆容量呈无关效价的降低有关，而与焦虑相关的视觉工作记忆分辨率变化不显著。该结果模式结合焦虑和视觉工作记忆理论进行了讨论。
