儿科医疗保健环境中的家长赋权：观察性研究的系统评价。
Parent Empowerment in Pediatric Healthcare Settings: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.
机构信息
Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4200 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
出版信息
Patient. 2019 Apr;12(2):199-212. doi: 10.1007/s40271-018-0336-2.
BACKGROUND
Parent empowerment is often an expressed goal in clinical pediatrics and in pediatric research, but the antecedents and consequences of parent empowerment are not well established.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize potential antecedents and consequences of parent empowerment in healthcare settings.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
The inclusion criteria were (1) studies with results about parent empowerment in the context of children's healthcare or healthcare providers; and (2) qualitative studies, observational studies, and systematic reviews of such studies.
INFORMATION SOURCES
We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2006-2017) and reference lists.
INCLUDED STUDIES
Forty-four articles met the inclusion criteria.
SYNTHESIS OF RESULTS
We identified six themes within consequences of empowerment: increased parent involvement in daily care, improved symptom management, enhanced informational needs and tools, increased involvement in care decisions, increased advocacy for child, and engagement in empowering others. Six themes summarizing antecedents of empowerment also emerged: parent-provider relationships, processes of care, experiences with medical care, experiences with community services, receiving informational/emotional support, and building personal capacity and narrative. We synthesized these findings into a conceptual model to guide future intervention development and evaluation.
STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF EVIDENCE
Non-English articles were excluded.
INTERPRETATION
Parent empowerment may enhance parent involvement in daily care and care decisions, improve child symptoms, enhance informational needs and skills, and increase advocacy and altruistic behaviors. Parent empowerment may be promoted by the parent-provider relationship and care processes, finding the right fit of medical and community services, and attention to the cognitive and emotional needs of parents.
CLINICAL REGISTRATION NO
PROSPERO 2017:CRD42017059478.
背景
家长赋权通常是临床儿科和儿科研究中表达的目标，但家长赋权的前提和后果尚不清楚。
目的
本系统评价的目的是综合医疗保健环境中家长赋权的潜在前提和后果。
纳入标准
（1）研究结果涉及儿童保健或医疗保健提供者背景下的家长赋权；（2）定性研究、观察性研究和此类研究的系统评价。
信息来源
我们检索了 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar（2006-2017 年）数据库以及参考文献列表。
纳入的研究
符合纳入标准的文章有 44 篇。
结果综合
我们确定了赋权后果的六个主题：家长更多地参与日常护理、改善症状管理、增强信息需求和工具、更多地参与护理决策、更多地倡导孩子、以及授权他人。也总结了赋权的六个前提主题：家长-提供者关系、护理过程、医疗保健体验、社区服务体验、获得信息/情感支持、以及建立个人能力和叙述。我们将这些发现综合成一个概念模型，以指导未来的干预措施开发和评估。
证据的优势和局限性
排除了非英语文章。
解释
家长赋权可能会增强家长对日常护理和护理决策的参与度，改善孩子的症状，增强信息需求和技能，并增加倡导和利他行为。家长赋权可能通过家长-提供者关系和护理过程、寻找合适的医疗和社区服务、以及关注家长的认知和情感需求来促进。
临床注册编号
PROSPERO 2017：CRD42017059478。
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