Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division on Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
II Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Neoplasma. 2018 Nov 15;65(6):823-839. doi: 10.4149/neo_2018_171220N832. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
ADAMs are a family of transmembrane proteins described for the first time in the 1990's. ADAMs is an abbreviation of "A Disintegrin and Metallo-proteinases". Their earliest known role was involvement in gamete fusion, and their adhesion properties in intercellular interactions also suggested involvement in tumor biology. Further research emphasized the importance of ADAM proteins in the regulation of neoplastic processes due to their influence on adhesion, cell migration, proteolysis and cell signaling. Variable ADAM expression in cancer and normal tissue was the basis for considering these proteins as diagnostic markers. Recent numerous studies have been published suggesting the prognostic value of this protein family members. The ADAMs transmembrane proteins regulate processes associated with carcinogenesis and neoplastic progression, including immune response evasion, growth induction and metastasis. Proteolysis and shedding of membrane proteins and binding integrins by ADAMs lead to the activation of numerous growth factors, changes in the extracellular matrix, adhesion proteins and angiogenesis. ADAMs potential as prognostic and diagnostic markers in cancer treatment is a particularly interesting issue and has great practical significance. There are many new studies concerning ADAMs' roles in carcinogenesis, but there are no recent reviews of the latest developments in this field. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the results of studies published on ADAMs in the last 5 years, to present their roles in neoplasm pathogenesis and their potential utility in clinical oncology.
ADAMs 是一类跨膜蛋白，于 20 世纪 90 年代首次被描述。ADAMs 是“解整合素和金属蛋白酶”的缩写。它们最早被发现的作用是参与配子融合，其在细胞间相互作用中的黏附特性也提示它们可能参与肿瘤生物学。进一步的研究强调了 ADAM 蛋白在调节肿瘤过程中的重要性，因为它们影响黏附、细胞迁移、蛋白水解和细胞信号转导。由于 ADAM 蛋白在癌症和正常组织中的表达存在差异，因此将其视为诊断标志物。最近发表了大量研究表明，该蛋白家族成员具有预后价值。ADAMs 跨膜蛋白调节与致癌和肿瘤进展相关的过程，包括免疫逃逸、诱导生长和转移。ADAMs 对膜蛋白的蛋白水解和脱落以及整合素的结合导致众多生长因子的激活、细胞外基质、黏附蛋白和血管生成的变化。ADAMs 作为癌症治疗中的预后和诊断标志物是一个特别有趣的问题，具有重要的实际意义。有许多关于 ADAMs 在致癌作用中的作用的新研究，但最近没有关于该领域最新进展的综述。本系统综述的目的是分析过去 5 年发表的关于 ADAMs 的研究结果，阐述它们在肿瘤发病机制中的作用及其在临床肿瘤学中的潜在应用。
