Salouchina N I, Nodel M R, Tolmacheva V A
Orlov Regional Clinical Hospital, Orel, Russia.
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University ,Research and Clinical Center of Gerontology, Moscow, Russia.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2018;118(9):98-105. doi: 10.17116/jnevro201811809198.
Non-motor disturbances represented by sensory, affective, obsessive-compulsive disorders, cognitive dysfunction, sleep disturbances are often found in patients with dystonia and have a negative impact on their quality of life. The prevalence of sensory and affective disorders and sleep disturbances is above 50% in patients with cervical dystonia and is 25% in patients with blepharospasm, writing spasm; cognitive dysfunction is found in more than 25% of patients with focal dystonia. The relationship of non-motor, in particular psychiatric disorders, with the impairment of social and everyday life and worsening of quality of life in whole was shown. Common pathophysiological mechanisms of non-motor disorders as well as approaches to treatment of these disorders are discussed. The authors present the results on the positive effect of botulinum toxin therapy that reduces cognitive dysfunction, sensory disorders and depressive syndrome. Non-medication treatment of non-motor disorders in patients with dystonia is considered.
以感觉、情感、强迫障碍、认知功能障碍、睡眠障碍为代表的非运动性障碍在肌张力障碍患者中很常见，并且会对他们的生活质量产生负面影响。在颈部肌张力障碍患者中，感觉和情感障碍以及睡眠障碍的患病率超过50%，在眼睑痉挛、书写痉挛患者中为25%；超过25%的局灶性肌张力障碍患者存在认知功能障碍。研究表明了非运动性障碍，尤其是精神障碍，与社会和日常生活受损以及整体生活质量恶化之间的关系。本文讨论了非运动性障碍的常见病理生理机制以及这些障碍的治疗方法。作者展示了肉毒杆菌毒素疗法对减轻认知功能障碍、感觉障碍和抑郁综合征的积极效果。本文还考虑了肌张力障碍患者非运动性障碍的非药物治疗。
