Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.
Department of Counseling, School and Educational Psychology, University at Buffalo.
Psychotherapy (Chic). 2018 Dec;55(4):424-433. doi: 10.1037/pst0000162.
Congruence or genuineness is a relationship element with an extensive and important history within psychotherapy. Congruence is an aspect of the therapy relationship with two facets, one intrapersonal and one interpersonal. Mindful genuineness, personal awareness, and authenticity characterize the intrapersonal element. The capacity to respectfully and transparently give voice to ones' experience to another person characterizes the interpersonal component. Although most fully developed in the person-centered tradition, congruence is highly valued in many theoretical orientations. In this article, we define and provide clinical examples of congruence. We also present an original meta-analysis of its relation with psychotherapy improvement. An analysis of 21 studies (k), representing 1,192 patients (N), resulted in a weighted aggregate effect size (r) of .23 (95% confidence interval = [.13, .32]) or an estimated d of .46. Moderators of the association between congruence and outcome are also investigated. In closing, we address patient contributions, limitations of the extant research, diversity considerations, and therapeutic practices that might promote congruence and improve psychotherapy outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
一致或真诚是心理治疗中具有广泛而重要历史的关系要素。一致性是治疗关系的一个方面，具有两个方面，一个是内在的，一个是人际的。正念真诚、个人意识和真实性是内在要素的特征。能够尊重和透明地向另一个人表达自己的经验是人际成分的特征。尽管在以人为中心的传统中得到了最充分的发展，但一致性在许多理论取向中都受到高度重视。在本文中，我们定义并提供了一致性的临床示例。我们还对其与心理治疗改善的关系进行了原始的荟萃分析。对 21 项研究（k）的分析，代表了 1192 名患者（N），得出了加权综合效应大小（r）为.23（95%置信区间=[.13，.32]）或估计的 d 值为.46。还研究了一致性与结果之间的关联的调节因素。最后，我们讨论了患者的贡献、现有研究的局限性、多样性考虑因素以及可能促进一致性和改善心理治疗结果的治疗实践。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2018 APA，保留所有权利）。
