Bioethics and Humanities, School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1107 NE 45th Street #305, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Oct 17;15(10):2277. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15102277.
The objective of this effort is to gather data to tailor interventions appropriately. Greater understanding of the correlates of socioeconomic status and obesogenic dietary behaviors was the focus of this manuscript. Using multistage sampling, women with varied education levels completed a baseline assessment in a longitudinal study of women aged 30 to 50 years. This study was conducted in low-SES areas of South King County, Washington State. This study included 530 Caucasian and 510 Hispanic women. Fruit and vegetable consumption was positively associated and soft drink consumption inversely associated with the level of education in Caucasian women. In contrast, percentage calories from fat was positively associated with the level of education in Hispanic women. In Hispanic women, level of education interacted significantly with food security in relation to percentage calories from fat, and with eating norms in relation to soft drink consumption. Neighborhood presence of ethnic food stores was associated with outcomes for Hispanic women, but for Caucasians, presence of fast food restaurants was important. Education was consistently associated with two of the three obesogenic dietary behaviors studied among Caucasian women. Education played a moderating role in the associations of food security and eating norms, independent of area level food availability, in two of three obesogenic dietary behaviors studied. However, these patterns differed for Hispanic women, indicating the need for more research into important variables to support change in Hispanic women. Women of differing ethnic groups did not respond similarly to environmental conditions and policy-relevant surroundings. These data have meaning for considering urban policy that impacts obesity levels in the population.
本研究旨在收集数据以进行针对性干预。本研究旨在深入了解社会经济地位与致肥胖饮食行为之间的相关性。研究采用多阶段抽样，选择教育程度不同的女性参加了一项针对 30 至 50 岁女性的纵向研究，这些女性来自华盛顿州南国王郡的低收入社区。该研究共纳入 530 名白人女性和 510 名西班牙裔女性。在白人女性中，水果和蔬菜的摄入量与受教育程度呈正相关，而软饮料的摄入量与受教育程度呈负相关。相比之下，脂肪所提供的热量百分比与西班牙裔女性的受教育程度呈正相关。在西班牙裔女性中，受教育程度与食物保障状况显著相互作用，与脂肪摄入百分比有关，还与与软饮料消费有关的饮食规范相互作用。在西班牙裔女性中，周边是否有民族食品店与研究结果有关，而对于白人女性来说，周边是否有快餐店则很重要。在白人女性中，有三种致肥胖饮食行为，其中两种与受教育程度有关。在三种致肥胖饮食行为中，有两种行为的受教育程度在食物保障和饮食规范方面的关联具有调节作用，且这种作用独立于区域食物供应水平。然而，这些模式在西班牙裔女性中有所不同，表明需要进一步研究支持西班牙裔女性改变的重要变量。不同族裔群体的女性对环境条件和与政策相关的环境没有相似的反应。这些数据对于考虑影响人群肥胖水平的城市政策具有重要意义。
