The Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1700 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., 2nd Floor, CB #7426, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2012 Dec;16(9):1844-53. doi: 10.1007/s10995-011-0931-5.
Few studies have examined the influence of acculturation on dietary behaviors of young children while controlling for other demographic variables. The purpose of this study was to assess reported dietary intakes of preschool-aged children (3-5 years) and subsequent associations with caregivers' race/ethnicity, acculturation and demographic characteristics, using data from the 2007 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Analysis was restricted to Hispanic and non-Hispanic white caregivers and their preschool-aged children (n = 1,105). Caregivers' acculturation was assessed using place of birth, duration of United States residence, and language spoken at home. Proxy-reports by caregivers to a dietary screener were used to estimate children's intakes of fruit, 100% fruit juice, vegetables, sweets, and sugar-sweetened beverages consumed. In multivariate analyses, Hispanic caregivers reported their children consumed fewer servings of vegetables than did the children of non-Hispanic white caregivers; there were no other statistically significant differences in children's dietary intakes by caregivers' race/ethnicity. Caregivers' acculturation was associated with caregiver-reported consumption of sweets by children (β = 0.09, 95%CI = 0.01-0.18). Demographic characteristics that were associated with reported dietary intakes of children included caregivers' age, education, and geographic region of residence. In contrast to past studies of acculturation and diet in older children and adults, this study suggests that for 3-5 year olds, caregivers' level of acculturation does not play as strong a role in the dietary intakes of the younger children under their care.
很少有研究在控制其他人口统计学变量的情况下，考察文化适应对幼儿饮食行为的影响。本研究的目的是评估学龄前儿童（3-5 岁）的报告饮食摄入量，并使用 2007 年加利福尼亚健康访谈调查（CHIS）的数据评估其与照顾者种族/族裔、文化适应和人口统计学特征的后续关联。分析仅限于西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白种人照顾者及其学龄前儿童（n = 1,105）。照顾者的文化适应程度通过出生地、在美国居住的时间长短和在家中使用的语言来评估。照顾者通过饮食筛选器报告的代理报告用于估计儿童的水果、100%纯果汁、蔬菜、甜食和含糖饮料的摄入量。在多变量分析中，西班牙裔照顾者报告说他们的孩子比非西班牙裔白种人照顾者的孩子吃的蔬菜少；在孩子的饮食摄入量方面，照顾者的种族/族裔没有其他统计学上的显著差异。照顾者的文化适应程度与照顾者报告的儿童食用甜食的量有关（β = 0.09，95%CI = 0.01-0.18）。与过去对年龄较大的儿童和成年人的文化适应和饮食的研究相反，这项研究表明，对于 3-5 岁的儿童来说，照顾者的文化适应程度在他们照顾的年幼儿童的饮食摄入量中并没有起到那么重要的作用。
