Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Pant Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India.
Acta Neurol Scand. 2019 Feb;139(2):106-117. doi: 10.1111/ane.13039. Epub 2018 Nov 6.
Movement disorders are one of the common clinical features of neurological disease associated with neuronal antibodies which is a group of potentially reversible disorder. They can present with hypokinetic or hyperkinetic types of involuntary movements and may have other associated neurological symptoms. The spectrum of abnormal movements associated with neuronal antibodies is widening. Some specific phenomenology of movement disorders are likely to give clue about the type of antibody, for instance, presence of paroxysmal dystonia (facio-brachial dystonic seizures) are a pointer toward presence of LGI-1 antibodies, and orofacial lingual dyskinesia is associated with NMDAR associated encephalitis. The presence of specific type of movement disorder allows high suspicion of testing of certain specific type of antibodies. In this review, we have discussed the various antibodies and the spectrum of movement disorder associated with them, highlighting if any distinct movement disorder allows the clinician to suspect type of antibody in a certain clinical context. We have also reviewed the treatment of the movement disorder associated with the neuronal antibodies. Physicians should have high index of suspicion of these disorders, as early institution of treatment options can lead to better outcome.
运动障碍是与神经元抗体相关的神经疾病的常见临床特征之一，这些抗体是一组潜在可逆转的疾病。它们可表现为运动减少或运动过多类型的不自主运动，并可能伴有其他相关的神经症状。与神经元抗体相关的异常运动谱正在扩大。一些特定的运动障碍表现可能提示抗体类型，例如，阵发性肌张力障碍（面臂型发作性运动障碍）提示存在 LGI-1 抗体，口面部舌运动障碍与 NMDA 受体脑炎相关。特定类型运动障碍的存在可高度怀疑检测某些特定类型的抗体。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了各种抗体和与它们相关的运动障碍谱，强调任何特定的运动障碍是否可以让临床医生在特定的临床环境下怀疑某种抗体类型。我们还回顾了与神经元抗体相关的运动障碍的治疗方法。医生应该对这些疾病保持高度警惕，因为早期开始治疗方案可以带来更好的结果。
