Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2019 Apr;57:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.10.003. Epub 2018 Oct 16.
B cell activation and differentiation are associated with marked changes in proliferative and effector functions. Each stage of B cell differentiation thus has unique metabolic demands. New studies have provided insight on how nutrient uptake and usage by B cells are regulated by B cell receptor signals, autophagy, mammalian target of rapamycin, and transcriptional control of transporters and rate-limiting enzymes. A recurring theme is that these pathways play distinct roles ranging from survival to antibody production, depending on the B cell fate. We review recently published data that define how these pathways control metabolic flux in B cells, with a particular emphasis on genetic and in vivo evidence. We further discuss how lessons from T cells can guide future directions.
B 细胞的激活和分化与增殖和效应功能的显著变化有关。因此，B 细胞分化的每个阶段都有独特的代谢需求。新的研究提供了关于 B 细胞受体信号、自噬、雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶蛋白和转运体及限速酶转录控制如何调节 B 细胞摄取和利用营养物质的深入了解。一个反复出现的主题是，这些途径根据 B 细胞的命运，发挥着从生存到抗体产生的不同作用。我们回顾了最近发表的数据，这些数据定义了这些途径如何控制 B 细胞中的代谢通量，特别强调了遗传和体内证据。我们还进一步讨论了从 T 细胞中获得的经验教训如何为未来指明方向。
