Migliaro Adriana, Moreno Victoria, Marchal Paul, Silva Ana
Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.
Unidad Bases Neurales de la Conducta, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay.
Biol Open. 2018 Nov 29;7(12):bio036319. doi: 10.1242/bio.036319.
Daily rhythms allow anticipation of changes and allocation of energy to better cope with predictable events. Rhythms in behavior result from a complex combination of physiological processes timed by the nervous system and synchronized with external information. We aimed to understand how rhythmic behaviors arise in nature, when weakly electric fish are exposed to cyclic environmental influences and social context. is a South American nocturnal pulse-type gymnotiform. Its electric behavior encodes information about species, sex and physiological state. The rate of emission of the electric organ discharge (EOD-BR) is modulated by exploratory activity and by physical and social environmental stimuli. We show that the EOD-BR increases during the night in the natural habitat even in individuals maintained in constant dark conditions. Locomotor activity is higher at night, however the nocturnal increase of EOD-BR still occurs in motionless fish, demonstrating an independent origin for the locomotor and electric components of exploratory behavior. When fish are observed in nature, social context exerts a synchronizing role on electric behavior. emerges as an exciting wild model for the study of daily rhythms arising in the complexity of the real world, integrating environmental, physical and social cues in the modulation of rhythmic behavior.
日常节律使生物体能够预测变化并分配能量，从而更好地应对可预测的事件。行为节律源于神经系统定时的生理过程与外部信息同步的复杂组合。我们旨在了解当弱电鱼暴露于周期性环境影响和社会环境时，节律行为在自然界中是如何产生的。裸背电鳗是一种南美洲夜行性脉冲型裸背电鳗目鱼类。其电行为编码有关物种、性别和生理状态的信息。电器官放电速率（EOD-BR）受探索活动以及物理和社会环境刺激的调节。我们发现，即使在持续黑暗条件下饲养的个体中，自然栖息地中夜间的EOD-BR也会增加。夜间的运动活动更高，然而，静止不动的鱼中EOD-BR的夜间增加仍然会发生，这表明探索行为的运动和电成分具有独立的起源。当在自然环境中观察鱼类时，社会环境对电行为具有同步作用。裸背电鳗成为研究现实世界复杂性中产生的日常节律的一个令人兴奋的野生模型，它在节律行为的调节中整合了环境、物理和社会线索。
