Jahanbakhshi Ahmad, Abbaspour-Gilandeh Yousef, Gundoshmian Tarahom Mesri
Department of Biosystems Engineering University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran.
Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Aug 22;6(7):1898-1903. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.760. eCollection 2018 Oct.
Lack of sufficient knowledge about the physical and mechanical properties of agricultural products can result in higher waste of them. Due to the importance of carrot as an agricultural product and lack of much knowledge about how to reduce its waste as well as design and optimize the required harvest and postharvest machinery, this research study was carried out to fill this gap. In this study, physical properties included the length, width, thickness, mean diameter (geometric and arithmetic), mass, volume, density, sphericity, surface area, aspect ratio. The mechanical properties of the samples and their lengths were measured under the conditions of pressure (bruise), bending (break), and shearing of the carrot halves using a Zwick/Roell Instron testing machine based on the recommended standards. The mean geometric mean diameter, surface area, sphericity, volume and true density of the carrot were 49.54 mm, 7758.32 mm, 0.32%, 70 cm, and 1.04 g/cm. In the study of mechanical properties of carrots, the maximum forces required for bruising, bending, and shearing of the carrot fruit were 71.90, 48.60, and 41.14 N, respectively. The results obtained about the physical and mechanical properties can be very useful in reducing carrot waste and mechanizing harvest and postharvest operations by providing us with information that helps us design machinery needed to transfer, sort, separate, wash, package, store, and process carrots.
对农产品物理和机械性能缺乏足够了解可能导致其产生更高的浪费。由于胡萝卜作为一种农产品的重要性，以及对如何减少其浪费以及设计和优化所需收获和采后机械的了解不足，开展了本研究以填补这一空白。在本研究中，物理性能包括长度、宽度、厚度、平均直径（几何平均直径和算术平均直径）、质量、体积、密度、球形度、表面积、纵横比。使用Zwick/Roell英斯特朗试验机，根据推荐标准，在压力（擦伤）、弯曲（折断）和对胡萝卜半根进行剪切的条件下，测量了样品的机械性能及其长度。胡萝卜的平均几何平均直径、表面积、球形度、体积和真密度分别为49.54毫米、7758.32平方毫米、0.32%、70立方厘米和1.04克/立方厘米。在胡萝卜机械性能研究中，胡萝卜果实擦伤、弯曲和剪切所需的最大力分别为71.90牛、48.60牛和41.14牛。所获得的关于物理和机械性能的结果，通过为我们提供有助于设计胡萝卜运输、分拣、分离、清洗、包装、储存和加工所需机械的信息，对于减少胡萝卜浪费以及使收获和采后作业机械化可能非常有用。
