Hygiene and Quality of Poultry and Pig Products Unit, Ploufragan/Plouzané Laboratory, ANSES, University of Bretagne-Loire, Ploufragan, France.
Microbiologyopen. 2019 Jun;8(6):e00751. doi: 10.1002/mbo3.751. Epub 2018 Oct 22.
The pig is one of the main reservoirs of Yersinia enterocolitica strains pathogenic to humans. A description of the Y. enterocolitica population in this reservoir, and accurate discriminatory techniques for typing isolates are needed for prevention, outbreak investigation, and surveillance. This study investigates the genetic diversity of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica isolates obtained from pig tonsils in a French pig slaughterhouse in 2009 (S1) and 2010 (S2). The use of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and MLVA as typing techniques was also compared and evaluated. First, a total of 167 isolates (12 of biotype 3 recovered during S1, and 155 of biotype 4 recovered during S1 and S2) were typed by PFGE using the XbaI enzyme. MLVA was then tested on all the biotype 3 isolates in addition to 70 selected biotype 4 isolates recovered over the 2 years. PFGE generated two specific XbaI-PFGE profiles for biotype 3 isolates. Nine XbaI profiles were obtained for biotype 4, with a higher diversity (ID = 0.599) than biotype 3 (ID = 0.167). Two out of the nine XbaI profiles were reported during both surveys and at different months. MLVA improved the differentiation between isolates; the index of diversity reached 0.621 and 0.958, respectively, for biotype 3 (three MLVA types) and biotype 4 (32 MLVA types). The MLVA types for biotype 4 differed over the two surveys, but some isolates with different MLVA types were genetically closely related. This study provides an initial evaluation of the genetic diversity of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from pigs in France. We show that some PFGE profiles are maintained in the pig production sector, and, through MLVA, that part of the Y. enterocolitica population remained genetically close over the two years. MLVA proved its effectiveness as a tool for investigating pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from pigs.
猪是人类致病性耶尔森氏菌的主要宿主之一。为了进行预防、暴发调查和监测，需要对这种储主中的肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌种群进行描述，并使用准确的分离物分型鉴别技术。本研究调查了 2009 年（S1）和 2010 年（S2）法国一家屠宰场猪扁桃体中分离的致病性肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌的遗传多样性。还比较和评估了脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）和 MLVA 作为分型技术的应用。首先，使用 XbaI 酶对总共 167 株分离物（S1 期间回收的 12 株生物型 3 和 S1 和 S2 期间回收的 155 株生物型 4）进行了 PFGE 分型。然后对所有生物型 3 分离物以及 2 年间回收的 70 株选定生物型 4 分离物进行了 MLVA 测试。PFGE 为生物型 3 分离物生成了两个特定的 XbaI-PFGE 图谱。生物型 4 获得了 9 个 XbaI 图谱，多样性更高（ID=0.599），而生物型 3 的多样性较低（ID=0.167）。9 个 XbaI 图谱中有两个在两次调查中报告，并在不同的月份出现。MLVA 提高了分离物的区分度；生物型 3（三种 MLVA 类型）和生物型 4（32 种 MLVA 类型）的多样性指数分别达到 0.621 和 0.958。生物型 4 的 MLVA 类型在两次调查中有所不同，但一些具有不同 MLVA 类型的分离物在遗传上密切相关。本研究初步评估了法国猪源肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌分离株的遗传多样性。我们表明，一些 PFGE 图谱在猪生产部门中得以维持，并且通过 MLVA，部分肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌种群在两年内保持了遗传上的紧密联系。MLVA 证明了其作为调查猪源致病性肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌分离株的有效工具。
