细胞学习。
Cell learning.
机构信息
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Building 520 Room 224, 452 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Department Biochemistry & Biophysics, UCSF 600 16(th) St. San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
出版信息
Curr Biol. 2018 Oct 22;28(20):R1180-R1184. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.015.
Although we often think of cells as small, simple building blocks of life, in fact they are highly complex and can perform a startling variety of functions. In our bodies, cells are programmed by complex differentiation pathways and are capable of responding to a bewildering range of chemical and physical signals. Free-living single-celled organisms, such as bacteria or protists, have to cope with varying environments, locate prey and potential mates, and escape from predators - all of the same tasks that a free-living animal is faced with. When animals face complex behavioral challenges, they rely on their cognitive abilities - the ability to learn from experience, to analyse a situation and choose an appropriate course of action. This ability is essential for survival and should, in principle, be a ubiquitous feature of all living things regardless of the complexity of the organism.
虽然我们通常认为细胞是生命的微小而简单的组成部分，但实际上它们非常复杂，可以执行各种各样惊人的功能。在我们的身体中，细胞通过复杂的分化途径被编程，并能够对各种化学和物理信号做出反应。自由生活的单细胞生物，如细菌或原生动物，必须应对不断变化的环境，寻找猎物和潜在的配偶，并逃避捕食者——所有这些都是自由生活的动物所面临的相同任务。当动物面临复杂的行为挑战时，它们依赖于自己的认知能力——从经验中学习、分析情况并选择适当行动方案的能力。这种能力对于生存至关重要，原则上应该是所有生物的普遍特征，无论生物体的复杂程度如何。
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