School of Management, University of Bath, Claverton Down, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK.
UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies; King's College London, Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, 4 Windsor Walk, London, SE5 8BB, UK.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Dec 1;193:110-116. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.047. Epub 2018 Oct 6.
Roll-Your-Own tobacco (RYO) use is increasingly popular in many countries: it is generally cheaper than factory-made cigarettes (FM), and smokers can further reduce costs by adjusting the amount of tobacco in each cigarette. However, the level of risk of RYO compared with FM cigarettes is similar and does not meaningfully change with cigarette weight. We assessed the weight of tobacco in RYO cigarettes across jurisdictions with differing tobacco taxes/prices and over time.
Six waves of the International Tobacco Control 4 Country longitudinal study of smokers and recent ex-smokers, providing 3176 observations from exclusive RYO users covering 2006-15, are used to calculate the weight of tobacco used in RYO cigarettes in the US, Canada, Australia, and the UK. Multilevel regression analyses were used to compare weights across countries, socio-demographic factors, and over time.
Smokers in the UK and Australia, where tobacco is relatively expensive, show higher levels of exclusive RYO use (25.8% and 13.8% respectively) and lower mean weights of tobacco per RYO cigarette (0.51 g(sd 0.32 g) and 0.53 g(0.28 g)), compared with both Canada and especially the US (6.0% and 3.5%, and 0.76 g(0.45 g) and 1.07 g(0.51 g)). Smokers in the UK and Australia also exhibited a statistically significant year-on-year decrease in the mean weight of each RYO cigarette.
Taxation of RYO should increase considerably in the UK and Australia so that RYO and FM cigarettes are taxed equivalently to reduce RYO attractiveness and inequalities. Other measures to reduce the price differentials, including taxing RYO solely on weight, are also discussed.
自卷烟草（RYO）在许多国家越来越受欢迎：它通常比工厂制造的香烟（FM）便宜，吸烟者可以通过调整每支香烟中的烟草量进一步降低成本。然而，RYO 与 FM 香烟的风险水平相似，并不会因香烟重量的不同而有显著变化。我们评估了不同烟草税/价格和不同时间的司法管辖区内 RYO 香烟的烟草用量。
使用国际烟草控制 4 国纵向研究中吸烟者和最近戒烟者的 6 个波次的数据，这些数据来自于美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和英国的 3176 名纯 RYO 使用者，这些数据覆盖了 2006-15 年，用于计算 RYO 香烟中的烟草用量。多水平回归分析用于比较各国之间、社会人口因素之间以及随时间变化的烟草用量。
在英国和澳大利亚，烟草相对昂贵，那里的纯 RYO 使用率较高（分别为 25.8%和 13.8%），每支 RYO 香烟的平均烟草用量较低（0.51 克（0.32 克）和 0.53 克（0.28 克）），与加拿大和美国相比（分别为 6.0%和 3.5%，0.76 克（0.45 克）和 1.07 克（0.51 克））。英国和澳大利亚的吸烟者还表现出每支 RYO 香烟平均重量逐年下降的统计学显著趋势。
英国和澳大利亚应该大幅提高 RYO 的税收，使 RYO 和 FM 香烟的税收相等，以降低 RYO 的吸引力和不平等。还讨论了其他降低价格差异的措施，包括仅对 RYO 的重量征税。
