Psychology Department, MSC03 2220, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy St., Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Eat Weight Disord. 2020 Apr;25(2):347-355. doi: 10.1007/s40519-018-0597-8. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
The sociocultural model of eating disorders asserts that societies which emphasize the thin-ideal have higher rates of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Recent research questions the related presumption that non-White cultures value a larger ideal female and thus have lower rates of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. The limited research on these constructs in racial/ethnic minorities primarily has used non-validated instruments. The current study investigated rates of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating with validated, widely used measures.
Measures of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating were completed by 896 college women in the United States: 473 Hispanics, 341 non-Hispanic whites, and 82 Native Americans.
Although Native Americans and Hispanics had higher body mass indices (and larger ideal shapes) than White women, the groups had similar body dissatisfaction scores. Native Americans reported somewhat less restricted eating compared to White women. When controlling for body mass index and age, group differences on body dissatisfaction emerged and the group differences in eating disorder symptoms became more pronounced, with White women showing more pathology. Reliability and validity across groups were good.
This study offers some support for the sociocultural model of eating disorders and provides mean scores for Native American and Hispanic females on widely-used eating disorder measures.
Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
饮食失调的社会文化模型认为，强调“瘦理想”的社会会有更高的身体不满和饮食失调的发生率。最近的研究对相关假设提出了质疑，即非白种文化重视更大的理想女性，因此身体不满和饮食失调的发生率较低。关于这些在种族少数群体中的结构的有限研究主要使用了未经验证的工具。本研究使用经过验证的、广泛使用的测量方法来调查身体不满和饮食失调的发生率。
在美国，896 名女大学生完成了身体不满和饮食失调的测量：473 名西班牙裔、341 名非西班牙裔白人、82 名美洲原住民。
尽管美洲原住民和西班牙裔的体重指数（和理想体型）高于白人女性，但这些群体的身体不满得分相似。与白人女性相比，美洲原住民的饮食限制较少。在控制体重指数和年龄后，身体不满的群体差异出现，饮食障碍症状的群体差异更加明显，白人女性表现出更多的病理。跨群体的可靠性和有效性都很好。
本研究为饮食失调的社会文化模型提供了一些支持，并为广泛使用的饮食失调测量方法中的美洲原住民和西班牙裔女性提供了平均分数。
等级 V，横断面描述性研究。
