Medical Materials Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1078:29-47. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0950-2_3.
Tissue engineering aims to fabricate and functionalise constructs that mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM) in the closest way possible to induce cell growth and differentiation in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Development of scaffolds that can function as tissue substitutes or augment healing of tissues is an essential aspect of tissue regeneration. Although there are many techniques for achieving this biomimicry in 2D structures and 2D cell cultures, translation of successful tissue regeneration in true 3D microenvironments is still in its infancy. Electrospinning, a well known electrohydrodynamic process, is best suited for producing and functionalising, nanofibrous structures to mimic the ECM. A systematic control of the processing parameters coupled with novel process innovations, has recently resulted in novel 3D electrospun structures. This chapter gives a brief account of the various 3D electrospun structures that are being tried as tissue engineering scaffolds. Combining electrospinning with other 3D structure forming technologies, which have shown promising results, has also been discussed. Electrospinning has the potential to bridge the gap between what is known and what is yet to be known in fabricating 3D scaffolds for tissue regeneration.
组织工程旨在制造和功能化构建体，使其尽可能接近地模拟天然细胞外基质 (ECM)，以在体外和体内条件下诱导细胞生长和分化。开发能够作为组织替代品或增强组织愈合的支架是组织再生的一个重要方面。尽管有许多技术可用于在 2D 结构和 2D 细胞培养中实现这种仿生学，但真正的 3D 微环境中成功的组织再生仍处于起步阶段。静电纺丝是一种众所周知的静电纺丝工艺，最适合用于制造和功能化纳米纤维结构以模拟 ECM。最近，通过对加工参数进行系统控制并结合新的工艺创新，已经开发出了新型的 3D 静电纺丝结构。本章简要介绍了正在尝试用作组织工程支架的各种 3D 静电纺丝结构。还讨论了将静电纺丝与其他显示出有前途结果的 3D 结构形成技术相结合。静电纺丝有可能弥合在制造用于组织再生的 3D 支架方面已知和未知之间的差距。
