Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1078:465-474. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0950-2_24.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) interacts with cells and provides important signals to control cell functions and to maintain homeostasis of living organisms. Composition of ECM in each tissue is dependent on cell type and cell phenotype. ECM also dynamically changes its composition during stem cell differentiation and tissue development. Various ECM substrates and scaffolds have been prepared for stem cells culture and tissue engineering. They can be reconstructed by using isolated ECM components or acellular matrices from different tissues and organs. In recent years, cultured cells have been used as a useful source to prepare biomimetic ECM substrates and scaffolds. ECM derived from different cell type can be prepared by culturing the respective cells to allow the cells to secrete desirable ECM components. Furthermore, dynamically changing ECM can be prepared by controlling the stepwise differentiation of stem cells. The composition of the biomimetic ECM substrates and scaffolds changes with cell type and has different effects on differentiation of stem cells. The latest progress on biomimetic ECM substrates and scaffolds derived from cultured cells is summarized and highlighted.
细胞外基质（ECM）与细胞相互作用，提供重要信号来控制细胞功能并维持生物体的内稳态。每种组织中的 ECM 组成取决于细胞类型和细胞表型。在干细胞分化和组织发育过程中，ECM 也会动态改变其组成。已经制备了各种 ECM 底物和支架用于干细胞培养和组织工程。它们可以通过使用从不同组织和器官中分离的 ECM 成分或去细胞基质来重建。近年来，培养细胞已被用作制备仿生 ECM 底物和支架的有用来源。可以通过培养相应的细胞来制备来自不同细胞类型的 ECM，以允许细胞分泌所需的 ECM 成分。此外，通过控制干细胞的逐步分化可以制备动态变化的 ECM。仿生 ECM 底物和支架的组成随细胞类型而变化，并对干细胞的分化有不同的影响。总结并强调了源自培养细胞的仿生 ECM 底物和支架的最新进展。
