Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia.
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 25;13(10):e0206247. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206247. eCollection 2018.
The combination of metallic bio-inert material, stainless-steel 316L (SS316L) and a bio-active material, hydroxyapatite (HA) can produce a composite which has superior properties for orthopaedic applications. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of sintering temperature and holding time on the physical and mechanical properties of the sintered part. 50wt.% SS316L and 50wt.% HA were mixed with a binder system of palm stearin (PS) and polyethylene (PE) at 61 vol.% powder loading. Rheological properties show a pseudo-plastic behaviour of the feedstock, where viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate. The feedstock was injection moulded into a tensile bar shape while thermal debinding was carried out at 320°C and 500°C. The brown parts were sintered at 1000, 1100, 1200 and 1300°C, with three different sintering times of 1, 3 and 5 hours in the furnace. It was found that the highest sintered density measured was 95.61% of the theoretical density. In addition, the highest hardness and Young's modulus measured were 150.45 HV and 52.61 GPa respectively, which are higher than those of human bone. The lowest percentage of carbon content was 0.022wt.% given by the sample sintered at 1300°C for 1 hour. Therefore, SS316L/HA composite with good mechanical and physical properties was successfully produced through the PIM process.
金属生物惰性材料、不锈钢 316L（SS316L）和生物活性材料羟基磷灰石（HA）的组合可以产生具有优异骨科应用性能的复合材料。本研究的主要目的是研究烧结温度和保温时间对烧结件物理和力学性能的影响。将 50wt.%的 SS316L 和 50wt.%的 HA 与棕榈硬脂（PS）和聚乙烯（PE）的粘结剂系统混合，粉末装载量为 61vol.%。流变性能显示出原料的假塑性行为，其中粘度随剪切速率的增加而降低。原料被注塑成拉伸棒形状，同时在 320°C 和 500°C 下进行热脱脂。棕色零件在 1000、1100、1200 和 1300°C 下烧结，在炉中分别烧结 1、3 和 5 小时。发现测量的最高烧结密度为理论密度的 95.61%。此外，测量的最高硬度和杨氏模量分别为 150.45HV 和 52.61GPa，高于人体骨骼。在 1 小时烧结温度为 1300°C 的样品中，碳含量最低，为 0.022wt.%。因此，通过 PIM 工艺成功制备了具有良好力学和物理性能的 SS316L/HA 复合材料。
