Fouladi Nasrin, Pourfarzi Farhad, Daneshian Aida, Alimohammadi Sara
Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. Email:
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018 Oct 26;19(10):2751-2755. doi: 10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.10.2751.
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in women throughout the world. In Iran, according to available reports, 70% of patients with breast cancer are detected at the advanced stages of the disease. Materials and Methods: This study is of descriptive-analytic cross-sectional type.160 female patients was selected. The data in this study was collected via face to face interview using a questionnaire based on the Anderson’s delay model. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 and the significance level was considered to be 0.05. Results: The results showed that presence of mass was the first symptom in many of women, i.e., 76 cases (47.5%). not only the presence of mass in the breast, but also any other symptom, hadn’t been taken as a serious problem initially by women. Non-improvement of the symptoms and exacerbation of the symptoms was considered as a symptom of illness by patients. After considering the changes as the symptoms of illness, patients had tried to treat the disease through different methods of self-treatment. The failure of the self-treatment in controlling the symptoms, had directed the patients toward seeking for medical services. Out of 160 patients, 49 patients (39.6%) changed the time of their appointment with doctor. 110 cases (68%) out of 160 patients, rather than initiating relevant diagnostic procedure related to the disease, had received non-specific and non-related therapeutic measures. Conclusion: Pondering on the results yields that patient-related delays, resulting from their lack of awareness of the disease, cultural factors, and fear, can only play an important role in postponement of visiting a physician, but in the diagnosis of disease it is the inability of general practitioners in performing differential diagnoses, and making request for related diagnostic measures which can significantly increase the lag time until the onset of the main treatment.
乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的癌症之一。在伊朗，根据现有报告，70%的乳腺癌患者在疾病晚期才被发现。
本研究为描述性分析横断面研究类型。选取了160名女性患者。本研究的数据通过基于安德森延迟模型的问卷进行面对面访谈收集。使用SPSS 22对数据进行分析，显著性水平设定为0.05。
结果显示，肿块的出现是许多女性的首发症状，即76例（47.5%）。女性最初不仅未将乳房肿块的出现，也未将任何其他症状视为严重问题。症状未改善和症状加重被患者视为患病症状。在将这些变化视为患病症状后，患者尝试通过不同的自我治疗方法来治疗疾病。自我治疗未能控制症状，促使患者寻求医疗服务。在160名患者中，49名患者（39.6%）更改了预约医生的时间。160名患者中有110例（68%）未采取与疾病相关的诊断程序，而是接受了非特异性和无关的治疗措施。
对结果的思考表明，患者相关的延迟，源于他们对疾病的认知不足、文化因素和恐惧，仅在推迟就医方面发挥重要作用，但在疾病诊断方面，全科医生无法进行鉴别诊断以及提出相关诊断措施，才是显著增加直至开始主要治疗的延迟时间的原因。
