LaRivière Wells B, Schmidt Eric P
Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States.
Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States.
Curr Top Membr. 2018;82:33-52. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2018.08.005. Epub 2018 Sep 27.
The endothelial glycocalyx is a glycosaminoglycan-enriched endovascular layer that, with the development of novel fixation and in vivo microscopy techniques, has been increasingly recognized as a major contributor to vascular homeostasis. Sepsis-associated degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx mediates the onset of the alveolar microvascular dysfunction characteristic of sepsis-induced lung injury (such as the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, ARDS). Emerging evidence indicates that processes of glycocalyx reconstitution are necessary for endothelial repair and, as such, are promising therapeutic targets to accelerate lung injury recovery. This review discusses what has been learned about the homeostatic and pathophysiologic role of the pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx during lung health and injury, with the goal to identify promising new areas for future mechanistic investigation.
内皮糖萼是富含糖胺聚糖的血管内皮层，随着新型固定和体内显微镜技术的发展，它日益被认为是血管稳态的主要贡献者。脓毒症相关的内皮糖萼降解介导了脓毒症诱导的肺损伤（如急性呼吸窘迫综合征，ARDS）特征性的肺泡微血管功能障碍的发生。新出现的证据表明，糖萼重构过程对于内皮修复是必要的，因此是加速肺损伤恢复的有前景的治疗靶点。本综述讨论了在肺健康和损伤期间关于肺内皮糖萼的稳态和病理生理作用所了解到的情况，目的是确定未来机制研究中有前景的新领域。
